An investigation of the effects caused by electromagnetic vibrations in a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy melt

Effect of Electromagnetic Vibration Frequency and Temperature Gradient on Grain Refinement of Pure Aluminum

“…It was supposed that grain refinement by the electromagnetic vibrations is hardly effective at the frequencies over 1 kHz. This effect of vibration frequency on the grain size is similar in tendency to the previous results on several alloy systems [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and pure metals, 31,32) although the optimum frequency for refinement is different.…”

“…In the casting process accompanied solidification phenomenon, rapid cooling, [3][4][5][6] addition of refiners, [7][8][9][10][11][12] application of vibrations, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] etc. are considered as a structural refinement method.…”

“…In contrast, the application of vibrations is able to refine microstructure even in bulk materials without a refiner. Mechanical vibration, such as mechanical mold vibration 13,14) or ultrasonic vibration, [15][16][17][18][19] and electromagnetic vibrations [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] are considered as an imposition method of vibrations. The application of mechanical vibrations such as ultrasonic ones enables not only refinement of the crystal grain, but also uniform dispersion of inclusion materials, degassing, improvement of metal feeding, etc.…”

“…The effective frequency range for structural refinement of metallic materials was almost below the frequency of 1 kHz. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] On the other hand, it was also reported that apparent glass-forming ability was enhanced by imposition of the electromagnetic vibrations with frequency of 5 kHz.…”

Effect of Electromagnetic Vibrations on Fe-Co-B-Si-Nb Bulk Metallic Glasses

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The simultaneous imposition of a stationary magnetic field with a magnetic flux density B and an alternating electric field with a current density J and a frequency f on a conducting liquid results in the induction of a vibrating electromagnetic body force with a density of F ¼ J Â B inside the liquid. This force, which has a frequency equal to that of the applied electric field, vibrates in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the two fields and puts particles constituting the conducting liquid into a vibrating motion.…”