An investigation of antenna element spacing on the quality of millimetre wave imaging

Zhang, L.; Hao, Yang; Parini, C.G.; Dupuy, J.

doi:10.1109/aps.2008.4619932

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…There are many papers published looking at using the millimetre and even sub-millimetre range for imaging, with 35 GHz 11,12 , 94 GHz 13,14 , and 500 GHz 15,16 as popular wavelengths. These wavelengths have good resolution, since they are much shorter than the dimensions of the body/object details to be examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Minimising the number of measurements leads to a shorter measurement time and thus increased frame-rate and throughput. Finding an optimum number of antennas is important, since oversampling introduces unwanted noise to the system and can prove very expensive with the unnecessary antenna 13 , whilst undersampling could result in aliasing and reduced image sharpness. Furthermore, the simpler the configuration, the easier the system will be to calibrate 26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A methodology for the optimisation of a mm-wave scanner

2016

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The need to detect non-metallic items under clothes to prevent terrorism at transport hubs is becoming vital. Millimetre wave technology is able to penetrate clothing, yet able to interact with objects concealed underneath. This paper considers active illumination using multiple transmitter and receiver antennas. The positioning of these antennas must achieve full body coverage, whilst minimising the number of antenna elements and the number of required measurements. It sets out a rapid simulation methodology, based on the Kirchhoff equations, to explore different scenarios for scanner architecture optimisation.The paper assumes that the electromagnetic waves used are at lower frequencies (say, 10-30 GHz) where the body temperature does not need to be considered. This range allows better penetration of clothing than higher frequencies, yet still provides adequate resolution.Since passengers vary greatly in shape and size, the system needs to be able to work well with a range of body morphologies. Thus we have used two very differently shaped avatars to test the portal simulations. This simulation tool allows many different avatars to be generated quickly.Findings from these simulations indicated that the dimensions of the avatar did indeed have an effect on the pattern of illumination, and that the data for each antenna pair can easily be combined to compare different antenna geometries for a given portal architecture, resulting in useful insights into antenna placement. The data generated could be analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively, at various levels of scale.

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