An Integrated Renewable Energy System for the Supply of Electricity and Hydrogen Energy for Road Transportation Which Minimizes Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Abstract

Greenhouse gas emissions produced by the energy sector, including the transportation sector, are a problem that must be resolved. One way to solve this problem is to provide energy in the transportation sector in a sustainable way, by using renewable energy. An integrated renewable energy system has been implemented through an optimization model for the supply of electricity and hydrogen energy for road transportation. The proposed model is in the form of mixed-integer linear programming with two objective functions: planning costs and greenhouse gas emissions. The multi-objective model was solved using the linear weighted-sum method. In this article, three scenarios are developed, namely the business-as-usual scenario, the renewable energy scenario, and the renewable energy with energy storage system scenario. The business-as-usual scenario is used to analyze the supply of electricity and hydrogen by prioritizing the objective function of planning costs. The renewable energy scenario prioritizes the objective function of greenhouse gas emissions in the optimization calculation, but without an energy storage system. The optimization calculation with the renewable energy with energy storage system scenario prioritizes the objective function of greenhouse gas emissions by including the energy storage system. The proposed model in a multi-objective form is implemented in a case study of road transportation in the Province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The results obtained indicate that the renewable energy with energy storage system scenario produces the lowest emission level of 56.55 Mt CO2 Equivalent, but with the highest planning cost of 192.13 x 109 Billion USD.

An Analysis of the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Implementation of Renewable Energy in the Supply of Electricity

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Climate change perception, behaviour, and willingness to purchase alternative fuel vehicles: the missing dots

“…As diesel and petrol-powered ICEVs are being steadily pushed out of the market, alternative fuel vehicles such as hybrids mainly plug-in (PHEV), battery-electric (BEV) and fuel cell electric (FCEV), claim to be the most promising mobility solutions to decarbonise lightduty transportation and to contribute to climate change tackling. The pathway to reduce emissions effectively relies on a wider AFVs diffusion combined with the development of a resilient renewable energy system [1] and the reduction of electricity importation [2]. According to Schwirplies [3], climate change mitigation encompasses all measures to abate greenhouse gas, for instance a more environmentally-friendly behaviour or the adoption of green technologies enabling carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction.…”