An Integrated Long-Reach PON and GI-POF In-House Network Architecture for Hybrid CATV/OFDM Signals Transmission

Hybrid CATV/16-QAM-Digital CATV/16-QAM-OFDM in-building network over passive optical network and gradient index-plastic optical fiber/visible light communication transport

“…The feasibility of SMF integrating with GI-POF to transmit a CATV/OFDM signal has been verified. 6 Transmission possibility through the integration of SMF and photonic crystal fiber through a mixed CATV/16-QAM-Digital CATV/16-QAM-OFDM signal that introduces light injection/optoelectronic feedback has also been verified. 11 The possibility of transmitting 40-km SMF and 30-cm VLC by integrating a passive optical network (PON) and a VLC structure through the use of LED to transmit a 500 Mbps signal for VLC has also been proposed.…”

“…To overcome such issues, a new development is required for the new indoor wired broadband access scenario. Achievements in research on gradient indexplastic optical fibers (GI-POF) and VLC have been widely proposed; [5][6][7][8][9][10] specifically, the optimum path to the last mile's solution. GI-POF not only has the same characteristics of SMF, as mentioned above, but also has the advantages of a large core diameter, excellent bending radius, and easy cutting and coupling for users.…”

A Hybrid CATV/16-QAM-OFDM In-House Network Over SMF and GI-POF/VLC Transport

“…Therefore, GI-POF and VLC can potentially be used to integrate fiber backbone and in-house networks. The feasibility of delivering cable television (CATV)/quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK)-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) hybrid signals over a combined SMF and GI-POF transport demonstrated previously [2]. Another work demonstrated the possibility of transmitting hybrid CATV/16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)/16-QAMorthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals employing light injection/optoelectronic feedback techniques over a combined SMF and photonic crystal fiber (PCF) transport [5].…”

“…To overcome this problem, new in-house network schemes must be developed. Graded index-POF (GI-POF) and VLC have been developed with excellent optical characteristics [2], [3]. They show great promise as candidate solutions for the last mile end-user problem.…”

OFDM RF power-fading circumvention for long-reach WDM-PON

“…In order to support more and more users, possible solutions are to extend the reach of present PONs [1] and use wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) [2]. Hence, the ideas of WDM extended-reach (ER)-PON (~40 km) and WDM long-reach (LR)-PON (> 60 km) have been proposed and demonstrated [3][4][5]. These ER-PON and LR-PON should provide 40 Gb/s for each optical networking unit (ONU).…”