An insight into the errors and uncertainty of the lithium-ion battery characterisation experiments

Abstract

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Perspective on Commercial Li-ion Battery Testing, Best Practices for Simple and Effective Protocols

“…Fourth, the torque on the connections must be carefully controlled and kept constant. Taylor et al [13] found the optimal torque to be 12.5 Nm for their connectors. If possible, all cells belonging to one set of experiments should be tested on the same machine and in the same temperature chamber if temperature is not a variable.…”

“…A recent study by Taylor et al [13] showed that, without careful consideration, slight differences in the experimental setup could induce up to 4% difference in experimental results on similar cells. This error has environmental and procedural origins [13].…”

“…A recent study by Taylor et al [13] showed that, without careful consideration, slight differences in the experimental setup could induce up to 4% difference in experimental results on similar cells. This error has environmental and procedural origins [13]. The environmental errors could stem from the ambient temperature and humidity; the equipment calibration, accuracy, and resolution; or the different manufacturing tolerances of the equipment and battery used.…”

“…The environmental errors could stem from the ambient temperature and humidity; the equipment calibration, accuracy, and resolution; or the different manufacturing tolerances of the equipment and battery used. Procedural errors are induced during the testing, and include many circumstances such as moving a sample, loosening a connection, or not allowing batteries to acclimate to a new temperature properly [13].…”

“…The measurement cables must be as close as possible to the battery tabs. In case of 4-point connection (2 for voltage, 2 for current), it is recommended that the current and voltage cables do not touch each other [13]. Fourth, the torque on the connections must be carefully controlled and kept constant.…”