An in vitro screening assay for dental stain cleaning

Abstract

BackgroundThe present study aimed to develop an in vitro model for stain removal from natural enamel for the assessment and comparison of oral hygiene products.MethodsBovine teeth (n = 8 per group) were ground/polished to provide flat enamel specimens and ferric-tannate deposits were precipitated onto the enamel surfaces. The ferric-tannate stained enamel specimens were brushed using an in vitro tooth-brushing simulator with slurries containing commercially available toothpaste products, dental abrasive particles, and sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) solutions of different concentrations. The colour of the enamel surfaces was measured using a spectrophotometer before and after stain application as well as after the brushing treatments.ResultsDifferences in stain removal efficacy were found between the toothpastes categorised as whitening and non-whitening comprising of different types of dental abrasives (hydrated silica and alumina). A mean value of 27% for stain removal was detected for the three non-whitening toothpastes and 59% of stain removal was detected for the three whitening toothpastes after 1000 strokes. Compared with the slurry with Zeodent 113 abrasive alone, the addition of STP provided better performance for stain removal under the same brushing conditions (mean value of 62% for Zeodent 113 abrasive alone and 72% with the addition of 5% (w/w) STP after 1000 strokes). No difference was evident between the STP concentration of 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w).ConclusionsThe ferric-tannate/bovine enamel model reported here provides good stain retention, is rapidly and easily prepared, and is shown to be progressively and reproducibly sensitive to toothbrushing using different toothpastes and surfactant/chelating agent solutions. Importantly, it provides good discrimination between various oral hygiene products.The stain removal assay reported here has considerable potential to enable comparative assessments of different toothpaste types in terms of their cleaning capabilities.

A swift, easy and cheap protocol to evaluate the tooth bleaching in vitro

“…H2O2 is the most used agent in office, being activated with light or heat; its results are accelerated, being more caustic, what requires a greater care in the application, since it can produce side effects greater than the effects produced by carbamide peroxide. Carbopol is an acrylic polymer with thickening function, increasing the adhesion in the dental tissues, releasing oxygen more slowly ( 20 ).…”

Clareamento Dental, Protocolo de aplicação em dentes vitais: Uma Revisão da Literatura / Tooth Whitening, Vital Teeth Application Protocol: A Literature Review

“…Porém, hoje, no mercado, há produtos mais novos, também compostos de peróxido de hidrogênio a 35%, que não necessitam da troca do gel clareador da superfície do dente, podendo agir durante 50 minutos (SU et al, 2016;WANG et al, 2017).…”

Clinical comparison of the effectiveness of three prophylactic toothpastes in removing dental stains

“…© 2019 Polish Dental Association diseases (thyroid and pituitary gland disorders or genetic diseases, i.e. porphyria), dental malformations, or fluoride poisoning [3,11,16]. Local endogenous discolouration is caused by structural changes of tooth tissues associated with the ageing process of the orga nism and pathological conditions of the pulp, which often result from tooth injuries (internal bleeding, chamber mineralisation).…”

“…The appearance of discolouration on the surface of tooth tissues is often associated with the use by patients of certain stimulants (mainly tobacco), medicines (chlorhexidine or tin salts), and the consumption of staining drinks (coffee, tea). The source of dyes may also be metabolites of oral bacteria (Neisseria, Porphyromonas, Actinomyces) [1,3,6,8,11,16].…”