An Extracellular Pectate Lyase is the Pathogenicity Factor of the Soft-Rotting Bacterium<i>Pseudomonas viridiflava</i>

Liao, Ching-Hsing; Hung, H. H.; Chatterjee, Asita

doi:10.1094/mpmi-1-199

Cited by 68 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Also, it has been observed in our laboratory that certain isolates of P. fluorescens tend to lose pectolytic and pathogenic phenotype after several passages in vitro (23a). A similar phenomenon has been reported in strains of P. viridiflava (3,24). All of these observations indicate that genetic and biochemical mechanisms regulating PL production in fluorescent pseudomonads are unique.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…With the exception of one strain (30), all of the soft-rotting pseudomonads so far studied produce PL. Thus, it is generally believed that PL is the principal or sole enzyme responsible for tissue maceration caused by most strains of P. fluorescens and P. viridiflava (22,24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these observations indicate that genetic and biochemical mechanisms regulating PL production in fluorescent pseudomonads are unique. The simplicity of the PL system as revealed in P. viridiflava (24) and P. fluorescens (22) makes either organism a useful model for the investigation of the synthesis and secretion of extracellular proteins by prokaryotes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cell pellet was washed once in 50 mM Tris -HCl (pH 8.0) and resuspended in the same buffer at 1/10 volume of the original culture medium. Cells were subsequently disrupted by ultrasonication (24), and cell debris was removed by centrifugation (25,000 x g, 30 min). The clear supernatant thus obtained was used to determine the intracellular or cellbound PL activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning of pectate lyase gene pel from Pseudomonas fluorescens and detection of sequences homologous to pel in Pseudomonas viridiflava and Pseudomonas putida

Liao

1991

J Bacteriol

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Pectate lyase (PL) depolymerizes pectin and other polygalacturonates (PGAs) and is thought to play a role in bacterial invasion of plants. Production of PL by the soft-rotting pathogen Pseudomonasfluorescens CY091 is regulated by Ca2+. In the presence of Ca2+, this bacterium constitutively synthesizes PL in media containing glucose, glycerol, or PGA and excretes over 87% of total PL into culture fluids. In the absence of Ca2 , the organism fails to use PGA as a carbon source and produces very low levels of PL in media containing glucose or glycerol. Of the small amount of PL produced by the bacterium in Ca2+-deficient media, over 78% was detected within the cells, indicating that Ca2' is critical not only for the production but also for the secretion of PL. The pel gene, encoding an alkaline PL (p1 10.0, Mr 41,000) was cloned and located on the overlapping region of a 4.3-kb Sall and a 7.1-kb EcoRI fragment. Pseudomonas fluorescens is a heterogenous species and consists of a diversity of ecologic and physiological groups (36). Certain strains of this species are postharvest pathogens of plants, which cause soft rot of fruits and vegetables in storage and at markets (25). Soft-rotting P. fluorescens (often referred to as P. marginalis) is capable of degrading pectic components of plant cell walls by producing a wide variety of pectolytic enzymes, including pectin methylesterase (30), pectin lyase (33, 35), polygalacturonase (10,30,42), and pectate lyase (PL) (9,10,12,22,30,42). Production of methylesterase, pectin lyase, and polygalacturonase is rare and has been detected only in a few strains (30,33,35,42). With the exception of one strain (30), all of the soft-rotting pseudomonads so far studied produce PL. Thus, it is generally believed that PL is the principal or sole enzyme responsible for tissue maceration caused by most strains of P. fluorescens and P. viridiflava (22, 24).The PL system of P. fluorescens is considerably different from that of Erwinia spp., although soft-rot symptoms caused by the two organisms are similar. In Erwinia spp., all strains so far studied produce three to five PL isozymes (pl 4.5 to 10.0) (18), whereas in P. fluorescens, all eight strains recently examined in our laboratory produce one or possibly two PLs (22). Furthermore, production of PLs in Erwinia spp. is induced by pectic substrates and subjected to catabolite or self-catabolite repression (18). In P. fluorescens, however, the mode of PL production varies considerably among strains and can be constitutive (30,42) or inducible (9,30,43). In some strains, PL production is induced by pectic substances in a mechanism resembling that previously demonstrated in Erwinia spp. (18). In others, the regulatory factors or mechanisms have not been clearly defined. For example, Zucker and Hankin (43) showed that a nonpectolytic isolate of P. fluorescens can be converted to pectolytic by a series of subcultures in media containing pectin or plant tissue extracts. Hildebrand (10) reported that expression of a pectolytic phenotype in fluo...

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supporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning of pectate lyase gene pel from Pseudomonas fluorescens and detection of sequences homologous to pel in Pseudomonas viridiflava and Pseudomonas putida

Liao

1991

J Bacteriol

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“…36,37) We investigated the motility of StFLB209 and its mutants using 0.3 and 0.5% LB agar Notes: Sequence alignments were performed with ClustalW (http://clustalw.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/) and annotated with GeneDoc (http://www.nrbsc.org/ gfx/genedoc/). The sequences used in the alignments of PpuI (A), PpuR (B), and RsaL (C) were from StFLB209 (accession number AB874472) and P. putida IsoF (accession number AY115588).…”

Section: Regulation Of Ahl Production By the Ppui-rsalppur Gene Clustermentioning

confidence: 99%

The ppuI-rsaL-ppuR quorum-sensing system regulates cellular motility, pectate lyase activity, and virulence in potato opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas sp. StFLB209

Kato

Morohoshi

Someya

et al. 2015

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Pseudomonas sp. StFLB209 was isolated from potato leaf as an N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL)-producing bacterium and showed a close phylogenetic relationship with P. cichorii, a known plant pathogen. Although there are no reports of potato disease caused by pseudomonads in Japan, StFLB209 was pathogenic to potato leaf. In this study, we reveal the complete genome sequence of StFLB209, and show that the strain possesses a ppuI-rsaL-ppuR quorum-sensing system, the sequence of which shares a high similarity with that of Pseudomonas putida. Disruption of ppuI results in a loss of AHL production as well as remarkable reduction in motility. StFLB209 possesses strong pectate lyase activity and causes maceration on potato tuber and leaf, which was slightly reduced in the ppuI mutant. These results suggest that the quorum-sensing system is well conserved between StFLB209 and P. putida and that the system is essential for motility, full pectate lyase activity, and virulence in StFLB209.

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Quality Loss of Fruits and Vegetables Induced by Microbial Growth

Ruíz‐Cruz

Arvizu-Medrano

2009

Fruit and Vegetable Phytochemicals

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An Extracellular Pectate Lyase is the Pathogenicity Factor of the Soft-Rotting BacteriumPseudomonas viridiflava

Cited by 68 publications

References 0 publications

Cloning of pectate lyase gene pel from Pseudomonas fluorescens and detection of sequences homologous to pel in Pseudomonas viridiflava and Pseudomonas putida

Cloning of pectate lyase gene pel from Pseudomonas fluorescens and detection of sequences homologous to pel in Pseudomonas viridiflava and Pseudomonas putida

The ppuI-rsaL-ppuR quorum-sensing system regulates cellular motility, pectate lyase activity, and virulence in potato opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas sp. StFLB209

Quality Loss of Fruits and Vegetables Induced by Microbial Growth

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