An experimental design approach to optimize an amperometric immunoassay on a screen printed electrode for Clostridium tetani antibody determination

A nuclease protection ELISA assay for colorimetric and electrochemical detection of nucleic acids

“…Although TMB is an easily accessible reagent for electrochemical detection, some research has shown an inability to detect TMB using SWV 42 . Hydroquinone (HQ) was tested and compared to TMB as another electroactive substrate for HRP that has been effectively used in biosensor platforms [43][44][45] . TMB and HQ were compared in the NP-ELISA for sensitivity and the results are shown in Figure 5.…”

Can the mechanical activation (polishing) of screen-printed electrodes enhance their electroanalytical response?

“…1,2 In light of this, the field of screen-printed electrodes is ever emerging; various carbon forms (particularly graphite), gold and any other working electrode materials can be printed onto inexpensive substrates and, due to their scales of economy, produce cost-effective electrochemical sensing platforms. 1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] For example, graphite screen-printed sensors have been applied to the detection of a diverse array of analytes; such as novel psychoactive substances, 17,18 Rohpy-nol®, 19 pindolol, 20 atropine, 21 clonazepam in serum and in wine, 22 nimodipine in pharmaceutical formulations 23 and chemical markers indicative of both cystic fibrosis 24 and tuberculosis 25 for potential use in breath sensing, as well as many other analytes of both clinical and environmental interest. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Screen-printed sensors are often modified to improve their electrochemical response with the addition of various metal compounds, 37,38 nanoparticles [39][40][41] and even organic substrates,…”

Rapid Tests for Detection of Main Clostridial Toxins

“…In developed countries, it has been observed that tetanus infections occur in immunosuppressed patients, diabetics, the elderly who were not vaccinated in their childhood, and patients older than 50 years with serological tests with low levels of antibodies against tetanus toxin [167,168]. For this reason nowadays many efforts are focused on improving techniques for measuring antibodies against this toxin [169][170][171][172] and in the development tetanus neurotoxin neutralizing antibodies [171,173,174].…”