An enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) specific for antibodies to TNP-LPS detects alterations in serum immunoglobulins and isotype switching in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related compounds

TCDD exposure alters fecal IgA concentrations in male and female mice

“…This has been the exclusive observation after AhR activation for non-IgA total antibody levels using multiple models [45,79] as well as for total IgA levels under some AhR agonist exposure regimens as discussed above. It has also been the exclusive observation for antigen-specific non-IgA isotypes after antigen challenge [19,21,32]. However, for antigenspecific IgA responses, the opposite appears to occur.…”

TCDD exposure alters fecal IgA concentrations in male and female mice

“…This has been the exclusive observation after AhR activation for non-IgA total antibody levels using multiple models [45,79] as well as for total IgA levels under some AhR agonist exposure regimens as discussed above. It has also been the exclusive observation for antigen-specific non-IgA isotypes after antigen challenge [19,21,32]. However, for antigenspecific IgA responses, the opposite appears to occur.…”

Diffusion ability of endotoxin through dentinal tubules

“…The test of B-cell stimulation was used in this study to observe the presence of the endotoxin in the samples based on the mitogenic effect of LPS on B-lymphocytes 7 . Oliveira et al 15 (2005), in a previous study, reported the use of this methodology to evaluate the effect of intracanal medication on LPS.…”

“…The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria contains endotoxins that are lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with potential cytotoxic action, released during bacterial multiplication or death 2 . Endotoxins are responsible for several important biological effects, such as: neutrophil chemotaxis; complement system activation; fever induction; structural, functional and metabolic alterations in many organs and cells; hemodynamic modifications 9 ; B-lymphocyte polyclonal activation 7,15 ; macrophage activation and release of several inflammatory mediators such as platelet activating factor (PAF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukins (IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8), superoxide (O 2 -), nitric oxide and prostaglandin 2,19,20 ; and also osteoclasts' attraction. Some studies suggested that endotoxins are the main etiologic factor involved in the pathogenesis of the periapical inflammation, including bone resorption 17,26 .…”

Hazard and risk assessment of chemical mixtures using the toxic equivalency factor approach.

“…The TEF for each 2,3,7,8-substituted congener compared to TCDD is variable among cell types, laboratory animal species, target organs, and responses. Research in our laboratory has extensively investigated the immunotoxicity-derived TEFs for several HAHs in mouse models (47)(48)(49)(50); TEFs for inhibition of the plaque-forming cell response to trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide by 2,3,4,7,8pentachlorodibenzofuran in C57BL/6, DBA/2, and B6C3F1 mice varied by approximately 7-fold, and in some assays this congener was more potent than TCDD. Over a broader spectrum of responses, TEFs for individual PCDD/ PCDF congeners can vary by over 100-fold.…”

TCDD exposure alters fecal IgA concentrations in male and female mice

“…This has been the exclusive observation after AhR activation for non-IgA total antibody levels using multiple models [45,79] as well as for total IgA levels under some AhR agonist exposure regimens as discussed above. It has also been the exclusive observation for antigen-specific non-IgA isotypes after antigen challenge [19,21,32]. However, for antigenspecific IgA responses, the opposite appears to occur.…”

Diffusion ability of endotoxin through dentinal tubules

“…The test of B-cell stimulation was used in this study to observe the presence of the endotoxin in the samples based on the mitogenic effect of LPS on B-lymphocytes 7 . Oliveira et al 15 (2005), in a previous study, reported the use of this methodology to evaluate the effect of intracanal medication on LPS.…”

“…The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria contains endotoxins that are lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with potential cytotoxic action, released during bacterial multiplication or death 2 . Endotoxins are responsible for several important biological effects, such as: neutrophil chemotaxis; complement system activation; fever induction; structural, functional and metabolic alterations in many organs and cells; hemodynamic modifications 9 ; B-lymphocyte polyclonal activation 7,15 ; macrophage activation and release of several inflammatory mediators such as platelet activating factor (PAF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukins (IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8), superoxide (O 2 -), nitric oxide and prostaglandin 2,19,20 ; and also osteoclasts' attraction. Some studies suggested that endotoxins are the main etiologic factor involved in the pathogenesis of the periapical inflammation, including bone resorption 17,26 .…”

Hazard and risk assessment of chemical mixtures using the toxic equivalency factor approach.

“…The TEF for each 2,3,7,8-substituted congener compared to TCDD is variable among cell types, laboratory animal species, target organs, and responses. Research in our laboratory has extensively investigated the immunotoxicity-derived TEFs for several HAHs in mouse models (47)(48)(49)(50); TEFs for inhibition of the plaque-forming cell response to trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide by 2,3,4,7,8pentachlorodibenzofuran in C57BL/6, DBA/2, and B6C3F1 mice varied by approximately 7-fold, and in some assays this congener was more potent than TCDD. Over a broader spectrum of responses, TEFs for individual PCDD/ PCDF congeners can vary by over 100-fold.…”

TCDD exposure alters fecal IgA concentrations in male and female mice

“…This has been the exclusive observation after AhR activation for non-IgA total antibody levels using multiple models [45,79] as well as for total IgA levels under some AhR agonist exposure regimens as discussed above. It has also been the exclusive observation for antigen-specific non-IgA isotypes after antigen challenge [19,21,32]. However, for antigenspecific IgA responses, the opposite appears to occur.…”

Diffusion ability of endotoxin through dentinal tubules

“…The test of B-cell stimulation was used in this study to observe the presence of the endotoxin in the samples based on the mitogenic effect of LPS on B-lymphocytes 7 . Oliveira et al 15 (2005), in a previous study, reported the use of this methodology to evaluate the effect of intracanal medication on LPS.…”

“…The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria contains endotoxins that are lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with potential cytotoxic action, released during bacterial multiplication or death 2 . Endotoxins are responsible for several important biological effects, such as: neutrophil chemotaxis; complement system activation; fever induction; structural, functional and metabolic alterations in many organs and cells; hemodynamic modifications 9 ; B-lymphocyte polyclonal activation 7,15 ; macrophage activation and release of several inflammatory mediators such as platelet activating factor (PAF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukins (IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8), superoxide (O 2 -), nitric oxide and prostaglandin 2,19,20 ; and also osteoclasts' attraction. Some studies suggested that endotoxins are the main etiologic factor involved in the pathogenesis of the periapical inflammation, including bone resorption 17,26 .…”

Hazard and risk assessment of chemical mixtures using the toxic equivalency factor approach.

“…The TEF for each 2,3,7,8-substituted congener compared to TCDD is variable among cell types, laboratory animal species, target organs, and responses. Research in our laboratory has extensively investigated the immunotoxicity-derived TEFs for several HAHs in mouse models (47)(48)(49)(50); TEFs for inhibition of the plaque-forming cell response to trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide by 2,3,4,7,8pentachlorodibenzofuran in C57BL/6, DBA/2, and B6C3F1 mice varied by approximately 7-fold, and in some assays this congener was more potent than TCDD. Over a broader spectrum of responses, TEFs for individual PCDD/ PCDF congeners can vary by over 100-fold.…”