“…Constraint (2) represents the power flow balance at each bus of the system in each scenario, i.e., the application of Kirchhoff's current law to the system; constraint (3) represents the application of Kirchhoff's voltage law to the fundamental loops of the base topology, formed by the existing lines of each corridor and the loads at their terminal buses, in each scenario; and constraint (4) is the power flow limit for the existing lines of the base topology. Constraint (5) represents the application of Kirchhoff's voltage law to the fundamental loops of the candidate network, formed by each candidate line and the loads at its terminal buses, in each scenario, while (6) represents the power flow limits for the candidate lines. Note that when , = 0, in (6), , , = 0, and in (5), , and , are independent.…”