An eastern Atlantic section from Iceland southward across the equator

Tsuchiya, Mizuki; Talley, Lynne D.; McCartney, Michael S.

doi:10.1016/0198-0149(92)90004-d

Cited by 150 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…1-2a, Table 1) were consistent with tropical surface water characteristics (Tsuchiya et al, 1992). Low Chl a concentrations between 0.00 and 0.43 µg L −1 were a sign of low primary production there.…”

Section: Hydrography and Environmental Parameters During Drivesupporting

confidence: 75%

Drivers of diel and regional variations of halocarbon emissions from the tropical North East Atlantic

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Methyl iodide (CH 3 I), bromoform (CHBr 3 ) and dibromomethane (CH 2 Br 2 ), which are produced naturally in the oceans, take part in ozone chemistry both in the troposphere and the stratosphere. The significance of oceanic upwelling regions for emissions of these trace gases in the global context is still uncertain although they have been identified as important source regions. To better quantify the role of upwelling areas in current and future climate, this paper analyzes major factors that influenced halocarbon emissions from the tropical North East Atlantic including the Mauritanian upwelling during the DRIVE expedition. Diel and regional variability of oceanic and atmospheric CH 3 I, CHBr 3 and CH 2 Br 2 was determined along with biological and physical parameters at six 24 h-stations. Low oceanic concentrations of CH 3 I from 0.1-5.4 pmol L −1 were equally distributed throughout the investigation area. CHBr 3 and CH 2 Br 2 from 1.0 to 42.4 pmol L −1 and to 9.4 pmol L −1 , respectively were measured with maximum concentrations close to the Mauritanian coast. Atmospheric CH 3 I, CHBr 3 , and CH 2 Br 2 of up to 3.3, 8.9, and 3.1 ppt, respectively were detected above the upwelling, as well as up to 1.8, 12.8, and 2.2 ppt at the Cape Verdean coast. While diel variability in CH 3 I emissions could be mainly ascribed to oceanic nonbiological production, no main driver was identified for its emissions over the entire study region. In contrast, biological parameters showed the greatest influence on the regional distribution of sea-to-air fluxes of bromocarbons. The diel impact of wind speed on bromocarbon emissions increased with decreasing distance to the coast. The height of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) influenced halocarbon emissions via its influence on atmospheric mixing ratios. Oceanic and atmospheric halocarbons correlated well in the study region, and in combination with high oceanic CH 3 I, CHBr 3 and CH 2 Br 2 concentrations, local hot spots of atmospheric halocarbons could solely be explained by marine sources. This conclusion is in contrast to previous studies that hypothesized elevated atmospheric halocarbons above the eastern tropical Atlantic to be mainly originated from the West-African continent.

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Section: Hydrography and Environmental Parameters During Drivesupporting

confidence: 75%

Drivers of diel and regional variations of halocarbon emissions from the tropical North East Atlantic

et al. 2014

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“…: NE ATLANTIC INTERMEDIATE WATER WARMING decrease in the IW salinity could be considered as a result of the MOW mixing with fresher subpolar waters, while the lower oxygen concentrations cannot be attributed to such mixing and require a contribution of less-oxygenated waters, older than MOW. Most likely, these old oxygenpoor waters are the strongly modified intermediate waters of Antarctic origin, a penetration of which into the eastern subpolar region has been previously documented [see Tsuchiya et al, 1992;Á lvarez et al, 2004].…”

Section: C12022mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In the eastern subpolar NA, north of $50°N, these waters appear in a strongly diluted form in the $27.5 -27.6 density range [see Tsuchiya et al, 1992] corresponding to the oxygen minimum layer, and only the MOW traces can be identified there in the q-S space [see van Aken and Becker, 1996]. Following van Aken and de Boer [1995] and van Aken and Becker [1996], we use the conditional general term ''IW'' for the low-oxygen waters of southern origin in the eastern subpolar NA assuming that these waters represent a mixture of the two mentioned water types with the subpolar waters, though a contribution of each of them to the IW layer is uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intense warming and salinification of intermediate waters of southern origin in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic in the 1990s to mid‐2000s

et al. 2008

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“…van Aken, 2000), with some Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) in the deepest parts of the Trough. AABW is formed by deep convection associated with the freezing of sea ice in the Weddell and Ross Seas, (Tomczak and Godfrey, 1994), it flows north along the eastern side of the North Atlantic and mixes up into NEADW, which then circulates into the Rockall Trough (Ellett and Martin, 1973;McCartney, 1992;New and Smythe-Wright, 2001;Tsuchiya et al, 1992).…”

Section: Even Though the Emlr Technique Tends To Cancel Out The Residmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic carbon and pH levels in the Rockall Trough 1991–2010

McGrath

Kivimäe

Tanhua

et al. 2012

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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An eastern Atlantic section from Iceland southward across the equator

Cited by 150 publications

References 35 publications

Drivers of diel and regional variations of halocarbon emissions from the tropical North East Atlantic

Drivers of diel and regional variations of halocarbon emissions from the tropical North East Atlantic

Intense warming and salinification of intermediate waters of southern origin in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic in the 1990s to mid‐2000s

Inorganic carbon and pH levels in the Rockall Trough 1991–2010

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