An Analysis of Gendered Employment in the Portuguese Tourism Sector

Women and the glass ceiling in the community of Madrid hotel industry

“…The number of women that hold the position of President is practically testimonial, which supports the statements of Kara (2012) that women are still at a disadvantage as they face more barriers than men. Along the same lines, Carvalho et al (2014) claimed that women are more prevalent in less qualified jobs, whereas men are more likely to hold executive and management positions, which is consistent with our study findings that there are still undoubtedly many stereotypes and women normally hold management positions in soft areas of the organisation (more related to customer service). This clearly shows the existence of vertical segregation in the sector.…”

Women and the glass ceiling in the community of Madrid hotel industry

“…The number of women that hold the position of President is practically testimonial, which supports the statements of Kara (2012) that women are still at a disadvantage as they face more barriers than men. Along the same lines, Carvalho et al (2014) claimed that women are more prevalent in less qualified jobs, whereas men are more likely to hold executive and management positions, which is consistent with our study findings that there are still undoubtedly many stereotypes and women normally hold management positions in soft areas of the organisation (more related to customer service). This clearly shows the existence of vertical segregation in the sector.…”

Trabajo turístico y calidad de vida laboral. Una percepción de los trabajadores de la hotelería

“…One of the main determinants of QWL is obtaining a stable job, as demonstrated by Marrero et al (2016). In addition to indicating that stability is usually linked to high levels of education, similar to the results of Carvalho et al (2014) and Hualde et al (2016). Contrary to expectations, this study found no significant difference in perception between men and women regarding QWL dimensions.…”

Gendered Employment and Organizational Power in Travel Agencies and Tour Operators: A Scoping Review

“…Women also received smaller wage returns from responsibility and other characteristics associated with higher-paid positions (Marfil-Cotilla et al 2024). Portuguese administrative evidence described a feminized and comparatively educated workforce alongside lower female executive representation and a 13.2% mean pay gap in the analyzed employment structure, with travel agencies and tour operators reported as a separable field (Carvalho et al 2014).…”

Women and the glass ceiling in the community of Madrid hotel industry

“…The number of women that hold the position of President is practically testimonial, which supports the statements of Kara (2012) that women are still at a disadvantage as they face more barriers than men. Along the same lines, Carvalho et al (2014) claimed that women are more prevalent in less qualified jobs, whereas men are more likely to hold executive and management positions, which is consistent with our study findings that there are still undoubtedly many stereotypes and women normally hold management positions in soft areas of the organisation (more related to customer service). This clearly shows the existence of vertical segregation in the sector.…”

Trabajo turístico y calidad de vida laboral. Una percepción de los trabajadores de la hotelería

“…One of the main determinants of QWL is obtaining a stable job, as demonstrated by Marrero et al (2016). In addition to indicating that stability is usually linked to high levels of education, similar to the results of Carvalho et al (2014) and Hualde et al (2016). Contrary to expectations, this study found no significant difference in perception between men and women regarding QWL dimensions.…”

Gendered Employment and Organizational Power in Travel Agencies and Tour Operators: A Scoping Review

“…Women also received smaller wage returns from responsibility and other characteristics associated with higher-paid positions (Marfil-Cotilla et al 2024). Portuguese administrative evidence described a feminized and comparatively educated workforce alongside lower female executive representation and a 13.2% mean pay gap in the analyzed employment structure, with travel agencies and tour operators reported as a separable field (Carvalho et al 2014).…”

Women and the glass ceiling in the community of Madrid hotel industry

“…The number of women that hold the position of President is practically testimonial, which supports the statements of Kara (2012) that women are still at a disadvantage as they face more barriers than men. Along the same lines, Carvalho et al (2014) claimed that women are more prevalent in less qualified jobs, whereas men are more likely to hold executive and management positions, which is consistent with our study findings that there are still undoubtedly many stereotypes and women normally hold management positions in soft areas of the organisation (more related to customer service). This clearly shows the existence of vertical segregation in the sector.…”

Trabajo turístico y calidad de vida laboral. Una percepción de los trabajadores de la hotelería

“…One of the main determinants of QWL is obtaining a stable job, as demonstrated by Marrero et al (2016). In addition to indicating that stability is usually linked to high levels of education, similar to the results of Carvalho et al (2014) and Hualde et al (2016). Contrary to expectations, this study found no significant difference in perception between men and women regarding QWL dimensions.…”

Gendered Employment and Organizational Power in Travel Agencies and Tour Operators: A Scoping Review

“…Women also received smaller wage returns from responsibility and other characteristics associated with higher-paid positions (Marfil-Cotilla et al 2024). Portuguese administrative evidence described a feminized and comparatively educated workforce alongside lower female executive representation and a 13.2% mean pay gap in the analyzed employment structure, with travel agencies and tour operators reported as a separable field (Carvalho et al 2014).…”