An Alkaline Protease from Bacillus pumilus MP 27: Functional Analysis of Its Binding Model toward Its Applications As Detergent Additive

Abstract

A proteolytic strain of Bacillus pumilus MP 27 was isolated from water samples of Southern ocean produced alkaline protease. Since protease production need expensive ingredients, an economically viable process was developed by using low cost carbon source, wheat straw, supplemented with peptone. This protease was active within temperature ranges 10–70°C at pH 9. This process was optimized by response surface methodology using a Box Bekhman design by Design Expert 7.0 software that increased the protease activity to 776.5 U/ml. Moreover, the enzyme was extremely stable at a broad range of temperature and pH retaining 69% of its activity at 50°C and 70% at pH 11. The enzyme exhibited excellent compatibility with surfactants and commercial detergents, showing 87% stability with triton X-100 and 100% stability with Tide commercial detergent. The results of the wash performance analysis demonstrated considerably good de-staining at 50 and 4°C with low supplementation (109 U/ml). Molecular modeling of the protease revealed the presence of serine proteases, subtilase family and serine active site and further docking supported the association of catalytic site with the various substrates. Certainly, such protease can be considered as a good detergent additive in detergent industry with a possibility to remove the stains effectively even in a cold wash.

Simultaneous Production of Β-glucanase and Protease From Bacillus Velezensis Strain Identified in the Manure of Piglets.

“…Another study reported similar optimum pH for protease production (36). Furthermore, there were also reports that the best pH for protease production was 8.0(37), 9.0 (38), 10.0 (39), and 11.0 (38,40). The pH value affects the absorption of nutrients by affecting the degree of ionization of the nutrients, cell membrane charge and membrane permeability.…”

A Review on Microbial Alkaline Protease: An Essential Tool for Various Industrial Approaches

“…Hence, this alkaline protease can be used as an additive in commercial detergent, as it is also effective in removing stains in cold water washes. 48 Alkaline serine protease was isolated from Bacillus licheniformis NH1. The protease was active from pH 7-12 with an optimum pH of 10-11.…”

Potential application spectrum of microbial proteases for clean and green industrial production

“…All of these are well suited to detergent formulations particularly at alkaline pH (Sumantha et al 2006). Protease from Bacillus pumilus MP 27 was considered as a good candidate for detergent industry due to its broad substrate range, activity over high and low temperatures and pH, and compatibility with surfactants and commercial detergents (Baweja et al 2016). Bacillus subtilis KT004404, an isolate from hydrothermal vents, produced a metalloprotease that has high resistance towards anionic surfactants, solvents and detergents.…”

“…There are several reports of thermostable and wide range pH stable proteases from Bacillus spp. which have excellent compatibility for industrial processes (Baweja et al 2016;Guleria et al 2016). The genus Bacillus is represented by Gram-positive, spore-forming, rod-shape bacteria that are obligate aerobes or facultative anaerobes (Dijl and Hecker 2013).…”