An agent-based model of the emergence of cooperation and a fair and stable system optimum using ATIS on a simple road network

Travelers’ compliance with social routing advice: evidence from SP and RP experiments

“…Yet, conventional (personalized) travel information aims at the individual's benefit, stimulating travelers' personal optimization of their own route choices (so-called selfish routing behavior); this may lead to an inefficient user equilibrium (e.g., Ben-Akiva et al 1991). Note that the road network might even more than ever before be approaching a perfect user equilibrium due to the rapid increase of real-time communitybased routing applications on smartphones (such as Waze 2018), as properly pinpointed by Klein et al (2018). As selfish routing tends to result in severe congestion at certain locations in the road network and slow down overall traffic movement, traffic authorities tend to pursue system (or social) optimal network conditions in which the total travel time-and therewith congestion-within the network is minimized.…”

The potential of social routing advice

“…Roughgarden, 2006), agent-based models (e.g. Klein, Levy, & Ben-Elia, 2018) or just a reconfiguration of the cost-function (e.g. Ҫolak, Lima, & González, 2016)).…”

“…Adler & Blue, 1998;Bottom et al, 1999). However, as pinpointed by Klein et al (2018), the road network might be approaching a perfect user equilibrium even more than before due to the rapid increase of real-time community-based routing applications on smartphones (such as Waze (2018)).…”

“…Ben-Akiva et al, 1991). Note that the road network might even more than ever before be approaching a perfect user equilibrium due to the rapid increase of real-time communitybased routing applications on smartphones (such as Waze (2018)), as properly pinpointed by Klein et al (2018). As selfish routing tends to result in severe congestion at certain locations in the road network and slow down overall traffic movement, traffic authorities tend to pursue system (or social) optimal network conditions in which the total travel time  and therewith congestion  within the network is minimized.…”

“…they might need to take a detour), referred to as social routing behaviour. See Levy et al (2017) and Klein et al (2018) for two recent theoretical and simulation-based expositions of how different behaviours at the micro-level may lead to system-optimal outcomes.…”