An acute bout of whole body passive hyperthermia increases plasma leptin, but does not alter glucose or insulin responses in obese type 2 diabetics and healthy adults

Rivas, Eric; Newmire, Dan E.; Crandall, Craig G.; Hooper, Philip L.; Ben-Ezra, V.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.04.010

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In two studies, both non-diabetic and diabetic individuals were examined [63,64], while nine studies focused on non-diabetic individuals [30,62,65–71] and three studies focused on diabetic individuals [61,72,73]. The studies using diabetic participants described their cohort as non-insulin-dependent [63], insulin-dependent [61,72], type 1 [73] and T2DM [64]. The participants described as non-insulin-dependent received treatment with small doses of oral sulfonylureas [63].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies utilising insulin-dependent diabetics were described as receiving between 20 U to 27 U of intermediate or intermediate plus rapid-acting insulin in one of two injections per day [61,72], or 26 U to 56 U of long or long plus rapid-acting insulin in one or two injections per day [73]. The T2DM participants were taking Metformin [64].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In four studies, both male and female individuals were examined [63,64,67,71], while ten studies examined males only [30,61,62,65,66,68–70,72,73]. The mean age of the participants varied between 19 years [73] and 56 years [63].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No glucose or insulin was given before PH and control in four experiments [30,66,68,70]. Three experiments included data where a glucose load was given immediately [30], 120 minutes [30] or 24-hours post-heating [64]. Eleven studies used air (31 °C to 85 °C) to heat participants [61–63,65–67,69–73], while two studies used water (39 °C– 40 °C) [30,64], and the other used a mix of water (43 °C) and then air (44 °C) [68].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Passive heating and glycaemic control in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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ObjectivePassive heating (PH) has begun to gain research attention as an alternative therapy for cardio-metabolic diseases. Whether PH improves glycaemic control in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals is unknown. This study aims to review and conduct a meta-analysis of published literature relating to PH and glycaemic control.MethodsElectronic data sources, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from inception to July 2018 were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCT) studying the effect of PH on glycaemic control in diabetic or non-diabetic individuals. To measure the treatment effect, standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.ResultsFourteen articles were included in the meta-analysis. Following a glucose load, glucose concentration was greater during PH in non-diabetic (SMD 0.75, 95% CI 1.02 to 0.48, P < 0.001) and diabetic individuals (SMD 0.27, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.02, P = 0.030). In non-diabetic individuals, glycaemic control did not differ between PH and control only (SMD 0.11, 95% CI 0.44 to -0.22, P > 0.050) and a glucose challenge given within 24 hours post-heating (SMD 0.30, 95% CI 0.62 to -0.02, P > 0.050).ConclusionPH preceded by a glucose load results in acute glucose intolerance in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals. However, heating a non-diabetic individual without a glucose load appears not to affect glycaemic control. Likewise, a glucose challenge given within 24 hours of a single-bout of heating does not affect glucose tolerance in non-diabetic individuals. Despite the promise PH may hold, no short-term benefit to glucose tolerance is observed in non-diabetic individuals. More research is needed to elucidate whether this alternative therapy benefits diabetic individuals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Passive heating and glycaemic control in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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“…Thus, there is a need for further research to understand the recruitment of thermoeffectors, inclusive of behavior, in such at risk populations. Moreover, understanding the control of behavioral thermoregulation is particularly timely given the rapidly growing interest in thermal therapies, which require encroachment upon (33,48,49) or excursions beyond (3,18,30) the thermoeffector threshold zone to elicit benefits. Thus, knowledge regarding the mechanisms and modulators of thermal behavior may promote strategies for improving comfort and adherence to these thermal regimens to maximize the health benefits.…”

Section: Perspectives and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Orderly recruitment of thermoeffectors in resting humans

Schlader

Sackett

Sarker

et al. 2018

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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The recruitment of thermoeffectors, including thermoregulatory behavior, relative to changes in body temperature has not been quantified in humans. We tested the hypothesis that changes in skin blood flow, behavior, and sweating or metabolic rate are initiated with increasing changes in mean skin temperature (T) in resting humans. While wearing a water-perfused suit, 12 healthy young adults underwent heat (Heat) and cold stress (Cold) that induced gradual changes in T. Subjects controlled the temperature of their dorsal neck to their perceived thermal comfort. Thus neck skin temperature provided an index of thermoregulatory behavior. Neck skin temperature (T), core temperature (T), metabolic rate, sweat rate, and nonglabrous skin blood flow were measured continually. Data were analyzed using segmental regression analysis, providing an index of thermoeffector activation relative to changes in T. In Heat, increases in skin blood flow were observed with the smallest elevations in T ( P < 0.01). Thermal behavior was initiated with an increase in T of 2.4 ± 1.3°C (mean ± SD, P = 0.04), while sweating was observed with further elevations in T (3.4 ± 0.5°C, P = 0.04), which coincided with increases in T ( P = 0.98). In Cold, reductions in skin blood flow occurred with the smallest decrease in T ( P < 0.01). Thermal behavior was initiated with a T decrease of 1.5 ± 1.3°C, while metabolic rate ( P = 0.10) and T ( P = 0.76) did not change throughout. These data indicate that autonomic and behavioral thermoeffectors are recruited in coordination with one another and likely in an orderly manner relative to the comparative physiological cost.

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The effect of time spent outdoors during summer on daily blood glucose and steps in women with type 2 diabetes

Richardson

Chmielewski

et al. 2019

J Behav Med

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An acute bout of whole body passive hyperthermia increases plasma leptin, but does not alter glucose or insulin responses in obese type 2 diabetics and healthy adults

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

Passive heating and glycaemic control in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Passive heating and glycaemic control in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Orderly recruitment of thermoeffectors in resting humans

The effect of time spent outdoors during summer on daily blood glucose and steps in women with type 2 diabetes

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