An Action of Thrombin on Platelets in Accelerating Clotting

Desforges, Jane F.; Bigelow, Frederick S.

doi:10.1182/blood.v9.2.153.153

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…These results tend to confirm the view that Product I is the plasma component which reacts with platelets. Bergsagel and C. Hougie recently,Desforges and Bigelow (1954) have shown that thrombin has an action on platelets in accelerating clotting, and they suggest that thrombin enhances the thromboplastic activity of platelets. The following experiment was made to compare the effect of thrombin and Product I on platelets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermediate Stages in the Formation of Blood Thromboplastin

Bergsagel¹,

HougieJ²

1956

Br J Haematol

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confidence: 99%

Intermediate Stages in the Formation of Blood Thromboplastin

Bergsagel¹,

HougieJ²

1956

Br J Haematol

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“…In other studies, thrombin preparations rather than serum have been employed. While a few of the data suggest that thrombin may act directly to agglutinate platelets (9)(10)(11), most investigators have found that thrombin by itself is inactive (3,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Other data have indicated that inadequately washed platelets were agglutinated by thrombin, but that no clumping occurred if the platelets were first thoroughly washed (17,18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Studies on Thrombin-Induced Platelet Agglutination

Shermer

Mason

Wagner

et al. 1961

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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A one-stage macroscopic test for platelet agglutination was used to study the effect of thrombin and thrombin-cation mixtures on washed platelets. Conclusions regarding platelet agglutination are as follows: (a) Canine, bovine, or human thrombin alone does not cause agglutination of canine or human platelets. (b) Thrombin with calcium or magnesium causes rapid platelet agglutination. Both calcium and magnesium are active at physiologic concentrations. Divalent manganese or cadmium ions can be substituted for calcium or magnesium. (c) The agglutination reaction is affected but little by the species of origin of thrombin or platelets, or by variations in ionic strength or pH over a broad range. (d) Temperature at which the reaction is carried out is critical; optimal temperature for the test is 28°C. (e) Agglutination is inhibited by high ionic strength, by pH values outside the range 6.4–8.6, and by temperatures outside the range 25–28°C. High concentrations of calcium have a specific inhibitory effect. (f) Platelet agglutination time is as sensitive an index of thrombin concentration as is the fibrinogen clotting time. A comparison is made between divalent cations which influence platelet agglutination induced by thrombin, TAg', and TAg. A similar comparison is made of cations influencing the action of thrombin on the "substrates," fibrinogen, TAMe, and platelets.

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“…Οί παράγοντες ούτοι περιεγράφησαν ό μέν XI (ΡΤΑ) τό 1953 υπό τών ROSENTHAL, DRESKIN καί ROSENTHAL (154), ό δε παρά γων XII (HAGEMAN) τό 1955 υπό τών RATNOFF καί COLOPT (148). Μετά τήν άνακάλυψιν τών παραγόντων τούτων, οί SHAFRIR καί DE VRIES (1956) (171), MARGOLIS 1956MARGOLIS -1957 (16,17,39,57,105,145,197) συνδετικού ιστού (22,78) ή άλλων ουσιών, υπάρχει συν δυασμός συναθροίσεως (AGGREGATION) έλευθερώσεως αίμοπεταλιακών κοκκίων καί συστολής τών αιμοπεταλίων. Έκ τών μέχρι τοΰδε έκτεθέντων, καθίσταται σαφές δτι, τή δράσει ουσιών τινων, τά αιμοπετάλια κατ' άρχάς μεν συναθροίζονται, εν συνεχεία συγκολλώνται καί ελευθερώνουν τά κοκκία αυτών καί τούς διαφόρους αίμοπεταλιακούς παράγοντας οϊτινες λαμβάνουν ενεργόν ρόλον εις τόν σχηματισμόν τού ενεργοποιοΰ τής προθρομβίνης.…”

Section: κεφαλαιον A'unclassified

“…Έκ τών μέχρι τοΰδε έκτεθέντων, καθίσταται σαφές δτι, τή δράσει ουσιών τινων, τά αιμοπετάλια κατ' άρχάς μεν συναθροίζονται, εν συνεχεία συγκολλώνται καί ελευθερώνουν τά κοκκία αυτών καί τούς διαφόρους αίμοπεταλιακούς παράγοντας οϊτινες λαμβάνουν ενεργόν ρόλον εις τόν σχηματισμόν τού ενεργοποιοΰ τής προθρομβίνης. Αί εκ τών μέχρι τούδε γνωστών ουσιών, αϊτινες προκαλούν τήν συνάθροισιν ή συγκέντρωσιν (AGGREGATION) τών αιμοπεταλίων είναι ή θρομβίνη (16,17,39,57,105,145,197), τό ADP (άδενοσυνοτριφωσφορικόν οξύ) (60,71,72), ή αδρεναλίνη (123), ή νορ -αδρεναλίνη (123), ή σεροτονίνη (123) (5 -ύδροξυτριπταμίνη) καί, τέλος, ό συνδετικός ιστός (22,78) καί τό κολλαγόνον (79,199). Έκ τών άναφερθέντων ουσιών ούδεμία πλήν τής θρομβίνης καί τού συνδετικού ιστού, ολοκληρώνει τό φαινόμενον τής ιξώ δους μεταμορφώσεως.…”

Section: κεφαλαιον A'unclassified

Η Πλασματική Ατμόσφαιρα Των Αιμοπεταλίων

Ιατρίδης¹

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The fact that the tiny blood platelets play a key role in thrombo sis dates back to observations by Bizzozero (1) and Schimmelbusch (2). They contribute to various aspects of hemostasis, including : (a) forma tion of an adherent cellular plug, buttressed by the fibrin clot; (b) libe ration of vasoconstructor factor(s), e.g. serotonin; (c) participation in the reactions of blood coagulation, partly by providing certain factors from their own substance, and partly by a role of factors in their «plasmatic atmosphere» (3), which is the special topic of this thesis, and, finally (d) by playing a role in clot-retraction, which can provide additional he mostatic function through the approximation of thin vessel walls (4).The fact that in vitro blood clotting normally necessitates the presence of platelets is indicated by the occasionally (e.g. ( 5)) successful experiment of preparing a blood plasma so free from platelets and plate let fragments that it will not clot on simple recalcification even in glass, as well as in silicone. Clotting is restored on adding back the platelets, or certain phospholipids (e.g. brain cephalin), or some enzymic bypass mechanisms (5). Platelets and lipoids, in relation to blood coagulation and the hemorrhagic diseases, with an historical account and critical presentation of investigative methods, were considered in a 1960 mono graph (6), and a didactic review, including many recent conclusions from the extensive modern literature, was published in 1965 (7). The modem work is expounded by most of the leading authorities in a number of fairly recent international and national symposia, e.g. ( 8, 9, 10, 11). Re cent biochemical, morphologic, and clinical research on the physiology of the blood platelets, with excellent citations of the literature, are pre sented by Marcus and Zucker (12). A 1961 review of «the platelet as a sponge» (13) indicates the recent revival of interest in the platelet plas matic atmosphere, as pursued by Roskam and colleagues, and in other laboratories (e. g. (14). Coagulation research, from very many aspects, has long been pursued in our own laboratories. With the advent of visiting research scientists, Dr. Sotirios G. Iatridis (1959 -1963) and the present author (Dr. Panayotis G. Iatridis (1963 -1966)), extensive investigations have particularly dealt with the trigger clotting mechanisms in vitro and in vivo, experimental thrombosis (in dogs and rabbits), cf. (15), the roles of blood platelets, with particular reference to factors in their plas matic atmosphere, and certain enzymes and inhibitors of platelet and other origins. It is the significant research of Dr. P. G. Iatridis which is presented in this monograph, with a critical review of the relevant li terature and comparisons of, and conclusions from, currently available results. The new data add to our basic knowledge in these fields and pave the way for rational future applications in clinical medicine.

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An Action of Thrombin on Platelets in Accelerating Clotting

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Intermediate Stages in the Formation of Blood Thromboplastin

Intermediate Stages in the Formation of Blood Thromboplastin

Studies on Thrombin-Induced Platelet Agglutination

Η Πλασματική Ατμόσφαιρα Των Αιμοπεταλίων

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