2006
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.108324
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Abstract: AMPK is a serine/threonine protein kinase, which serves as an energy sensor in all eukaryotic cell types. Published studies indicate that AMPK activation strongly suppresses cell proliferation in non-malignant cells as well as in tumour cells. These actions of AMPK appear to be mediated through multiple mechanisms including regulation of the cell cycle and inhibition of protein synthesis, de novo fatty acid synthesis, specifically the generation of mevalonate as well as other products downstream of mevalonate … Show more

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Cited by 474 publications
(421 citation statements)
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“…(13,17) Phosphorylation at these sites increases the activity of the TSC1-TSC2 complex to inhibit mTOR. (12,18). In the current study we confirmed the results of a protein array and found that carnosol induced the AMPK-α subunit.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 79%
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“…(13,17) Phosphorylation at these sites increases the activity of the TSC1-TSC2 complex to inhibit mTOR. (12,18). In the current study we confirmed the results of a protein array and found that carnosol induced the AMPK-α subunit.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 79%
“…(12,(20)(21)(22)(23) When Akt is activated it phosphorylates TSC2 at phosphorylation sites Ser-939 and Thr-1462 that leads to the inhibition of TSC2 thereby activating the mTOR pathway. (12,23) We observed a significant dose dependent decrease in the activated forms of Akt at phosphorylation sites Thr-308 and Ser-473 as well as an inhibition of PI3K (p85) and PI3K (p110).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The increased phosphorylation of AMPK can affect the activity of HMGR either by the direct phosphorylation and consequent inactivation of the enzyme, or by an indirect down regulation, mediated by transcription factors. SREBP-1, a transcription factor involved in the regulation of several lipogenic enzymes, included HMGR [27], has been recently shown to be down regulated following the activation of AMPK [26,40]. Our quantification of HMGR mRNA by RT-PCR shows that in HUVEC cells both policosanol and octacosadienol affect the regulation of HMGR activity also at the transcription level, causing a decrease of mRNA.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 68%
“…These include acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) for fatty acid synthesis, glycerol phosphate acyl transferase for triacylglyerol synthesis, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase for cholesterol synthesis (13). Together with its effects on cell cycle and inhibition of protein synthesis, AMPK activation suppresses cell proliferation in nonmalignant as well tumor cells (21).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%