Amoxicillin-loaded electrospun nanocomposite membranes for dental applications

Abstract

Electrospun nanocomposite matrices based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) and amoxicillin (AMX) were designed and investigated for dental applications. nHAp provides good biocompatibility, bioactivity, osteoconductivity, and osteoinductivity properties, and AMX, as antibiotic model, controls and/or reduces bacterial contamination of periodontal defects while enhancing tissue regeneration. A series of polymeric nanocomposites was obtained by varying both the antibiotic and nHAp contents. Fibrous membranes of different compositions were obtained by electrospinning technique, and morphological, thermal, mechanical and surface properties were characterized. The incorporation of AMX seemed to alter the nHAp distribution within the microfibrous matrix. The interaction between AMX and nHAp affected the mechanical performance and modulated the antibiotic release behavior. AMX release profiles presented a burst release that depended on nHAp content, followed by a slow release stage where the drug content (85-100%) was released in 3 weeks. The antimicrobial activity of the AMX-loaded membranes was tested with four bacterial strains depended on both the drug and nHAp contents. Extensive mineralization in simulated body fluid (SBF) was evidenced by SEM/EDX analysis after 21 days. The studied electrospun nanocomposite amoxicillin-loaded membranes could be a promising fibrous-based antibiotic carrier system for dental and tissue engineering applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 966-976, 2017.

Advance of Nano-Composite Electrospun Fibers in Periodontal Regeneration

“…Sequential electrospinning to fabricate FGM (Bottino et al, 2011) and coaxial electrospinning to construct core-shell structure (Tang et al, 2016) were utilized to incorporate MNZ into nanofibers for better drug delivery. Additionally, multiple drugs were added into nanofibers in attempts to assist periodontal regeneration, including ampicillin (Schkarpetkin et al, 2016), amoxicillin (Furtos et al, 2017), tetracycline hydrochloride (Ranjbar-Mohammadi et al, 2016), doxycycline hydrochloride (Debridement, 2016), and tinidazole (Khan et al, 2017), etc.…”

Electrospun Scaffolds Containing Silver-Doped Hydroxyapatite with Antimicrobial Properties for Applications in Orthopedic and Dental Bone Surgery

“…Schneider et al [26] electrospun tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds, looking at a single concentration of silver, but did not investigate mammalian toxicity of the scaffold. Furtos et al [27] electrospun a PCL scaffold to contain both nHA and amoxicillin, which they tested against four bacterial strains and found that increasing the nHA content reduced the loading efficiency of the antibiotic.…”

Trends in polymeric electrospun fibers and their use as oral biomaterials

“…Strategies to avoid bacterial and fungal diseases are important in the oral-facial field. 40 For this reason, scaffolds containing antibiotics have been increasingly used in oral studies 22,27,37,40,49,51 and mucoadhesion strategies are also reported. 83,84 The presence of anti-inflammatory agents in such composites could activate a signaling cascade and trigger the healing process.…”

“…PCL was used in association with alginate for drug release during dental treatments to prevent bacterial accumulation at the site of implantation. 22 PCL has been also used in drug delivery for creation of membranes incorporating nano-hydroxyapatite and amoxicillin, 27 obtaining good biocompatibility and reducing bacterial contamination of periodontal defects. Further applications were described for TE.…”