Ammonia Concentrations Over Europe – Application of the WRF-Chem Model Supported with Dynamic Emission

Werner, Małgorzata; Kryza, Maciej; Geels, Camilla; Ellermann, Thomas; Skjøth, Carsten Ambelas

doi:10.15244/pjoes/67340

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Similar errors during morning and evening hours were also reported e.g. for ammonia (Werner et al 2017). The NO x temporal emission profile plays a significant role before and after mid-day equilibrium is achieved and may also enhance these discrepancies.…”

Section: Model Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 82%

The role of precursor emissions on ground level ozone concentration during summer season in Poland

2017

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Three online coupled chemical transport model simulations were analyzed for three summer months of 2015 in Poland. One of them was run with default emission inventory, the other two with NO x and VOC emissions reduced by 30%, respectively. Obtained ozone concentrations were evaluated with data from air quality measurement stations and ozone sensitivity to precursor emissions was estimated by ozone concentration differences between simulations and with the use of indicator ratios. They were calculated based on modeled mixing ratios of ozone, total reactive nitrogen and its components, nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The results show that the model overestimates ozone concentrations with the largest errors in the morning and evening, which is primarily related to the way vertical mixing is resolved by the model. Better model performance for ozone is achieved in rural than urban environment, as PBL and mixing mechanisms play more significant role in urban areas. Modeled ozone shows mixed sensitivity to precursor concentrations, similarly to other European regions, but indicator ratios have different values than are found in literature, particularly H 2 O 2 /HNO 3 is larger than in southern Europe. However, indicator ratios often differ between locations and transition values need to be established individually for a given region.

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Section: Model Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 82%

The role of precursor emissions on ground level ozone concentration during summer season in Poland

2017

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“…Many CTMs used in these studies have employed Eulerian spatial grids, which enable comprehensive coverage of the domain of interest, but the resulting chemical fields are subject to numerical diffusion and artificial dilution, e.g. EMEP model (Fagerli and Aas, 2008;Simpson et al, 2012), GEOS-Chem (Zhu et al, 2015;Schiferl et al, 2016;Paulot et al, 2014), LOTOS-EUROS (Wichink Kruit et al, 2012), WRF-Chem (Werner et al, 2017;Tuccella et al, 2012), DEHM (Brandt, et al, 2012) and AURAMS (Makar et al, 2009). In contrast, other CTMs have used Lagrangian spatial grids, these generally represent dynamical processes more accurately, with relatively lower computational costs, but suffer from numerical dispersion, necessitating the use of numerical solutions to ensure even spatial coverage, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global and regional model simulations of atmospheric ammonia

Khan

Lowe

Derwent³

et al. 2020

Atmospheric Research

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“… Grell et al, 2011 ) and is designed for handling both chemical air pollutants (e.g. Werner et al, 2016 , Werner et al, 2017 ) and bioaerosols (e.g. pollen and spores) at the species level ( Skjøth et al, 2015a ) where both chemical air pollutants and bioaerosols directly interact with and feedbacks to atmospheric physics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping allergenic pollen vegetation in UK to study environmental exposure and human health

McInnes

Hemming

Burgess

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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Allergenic pollen is produced by the flowers of a number of trees, grasses and weeds found throughout the UK. Exposure to such pollen grains can exacerbate pollen-related asthma and allergenic conditions such as allergic rhinitis (hay fever). Maps showing the location of these allergenic taxa have many applications: they can be used to provide advice on risk assessments; combined with health data to inform research on health impacts such as respiratory hospital admissions; combined with weather data to improve pollen forecasting systems; or as inputs to pollen emission models. In this study we present 1 km resolution maps of 12 taxa of trees, grass and weeds found in the UK. We have selected the main species recorded by the UK pollen network. The taxa mapped in this study were: Alnus (alder), Fraxinus (ash), Betula (birch), Corylus (hazel), Quercus (oak), Pinus (pine) and Salix (willow), Poaceae (grass), Artemisia (mugwort), Plantago (plantain), Rumex (dock, sorrels) and Urtica (nettle). We also focus on one high population centre and present maps showing local level detail around the city of London. Our results show the different geographical distributions of the 12 taxa of trees, weeds and grass, which can be used to study plants in the UK associated with allergy and allergic asthma. These maps have been produced in order to study environmental exposure and human health, although there are many possible applications. This novel method not only provides maps of many different plant types, but also at high resolution across regions of the UK, and we uniquely present 12 key plant taxa using a consistent methodology. To consider the impact on human health due to exposure of the pollen grains, it is important to consider the timing of pollen release, and its dispersal, as well as the effect on air quality, which is also discussed here.

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Ammonia Concentrations Over Europe – Application of the WRF-Chem Model Supported with Dynamic Emission

Cited by 7 publications

References 55 publications

The role of precursor emissions on ground level ozone concentration during summer season in Poland

The role of precursor emissions on ground level ozone concentration during summer season in Poland

Global and regional model simulations of atmospheric ammonia

Mapping allergenic pollen vegetation in UK to study environmental exposure and human health

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