Amino Acid Limitation and Flow to Duodenum at Four Stages of Lactation. 1. Sequence of Lysine and Methionine Limitation

Schwab, C.G.; Bozak, C.K.; Whitehouse, N.L.; Mesbah, Mohand

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(92)78125-9

Cited by 234 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Emmanuel and Kennelly (1984) found that 28% of the absorbed methionine is used for choline synthesis in lactating goats. The first limiting amino acid on corn, soybean meal, corn silage and alfalfa-based diets is usually methionine (Schwab et al, 1992;Rulquin et al, 1993). Armentano et al (1997) supplemented the diet of lactating cows with 10.5 g/day rumen-protected methionine and found a 1 g/kg increase in milk protein concentration and a 42 g increase in protein yield, although no milk yield response was reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rumen-protected choline supplementation on milk production and choline supply of periparturient dairy cows

Elek¹,

Newbold²,

Gaál

et al. 2008

Animal

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The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of rumen-protected choline (RPC) supplementation on body condition, milk production and milk choline content during the periparturient period. Thirty-two Holstein cows were allocated into two groups (RPC group -with RPC supplementation, and control group -without RPC supplementation) 28 days before the expected calving. Cows were fed the experimental diet from 21 days before expected calving until 60 days of lactation. The daily diet of the RPC group contained 100 g of RPC from 21 days before calving until calving and 200 g RPC after calving for 60 days of lactation, which provided 25 g and 50 g per day choline, respectively. Body condition was scored on days 221, 7, 35 and 60 relative to calving. Milk production was measured at every milking; milk fat, protein and choline content were determined on days 7, 35 and 60 of lactation. Body condition was not affected by RPC supplementation. Milk yield was 4.4 kg higher for the group of cows receiving supplementary choline during the 60 days experimental period and 4% fat-corrected milk production was also increased by 2.5 kg/day. Milk fat content was not altered by treatment, but fat yield was increased by 0.10 kg/day as a consequence of higher milk yield in the RPC-treated group. Milk protein content tended to increase by RPC supplementation and a 0.18 kg/day significant improvement of protein yield was detected. Milk choline content increased in both groups after calving as the lactating period advanced. However, milk choline content and choline yield were significantly higher in the RPC group than in the control group. The improved milk choline and choline yield provide evidence that some of the applied RPC escaped ruminal degradation, was absorbed from the small intestine and improved the choline supply of the cows and contributed to the changes of production variables.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rumen-protected choline supplementation on milk production and choline supply of periparturient dairy cows

Elek¹,

Newbold²,

Gaál

et al. 2008

Animal

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“…The amount and availability of the most limiting amino acids in rumen undegradable protein play an important role in covering the AA requirements of high producing animals (Schwab et al, 1992). In the French system for prediction of lysine and methionine absorption (Rulquin and Verite, 1993), it is assumed that the AA profile of original feed protein is equal to the AA profile of undegraded feed protein, as found by Ganev et al (1979), Weakley et al (1983) and Teller et al (1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen and total intestinal tract digestibility of protein and amino acids from different roughages, determined <i>in situ</i>

Skiba¹,

Weisbjerg²,

Hvelplund³

1996

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Eight different roughages (clover grass silage, 2 samples of fresh clover grass, fresh ryegrass, winter wheat whole crop silage, pea whole crop silage, dried grass and goats rue) were examined for effective degradability in the rumen and total tract digestibility of individual amino acids (AA), total AA and crude protein using in situ method. Effective degradabilities calculated at a rumen fractional outflow rate of 5%/h, were higher for crude protein than for total AA (the differences ranging from 1.9 to 4.1 percentage points). Arginine was the least degradable amino acid, particularly in silage and in short rumen incubations, although cysteine and phenylalanine also tended to be less degraded than total AA. The most degradable amino acids were alanine and proline in silages, and cysteine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid in the other roughages.Disappearance of total AA from mobile bags containing samples of feeds after 16 h preincubation in the rumen varied from 79.8% in dried grass to 95.9% in fresh clover grass, and was generally similar to the disappearance of crude protein, 79.7-96.3%, respectively. In most of the examined roughages, cystine and glycine disappeared the least, and glutamic acid, aspartic acid and alanine the most from mobile bags, as compared with total AA.

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“…Otras de las causas de los resultados negativos al adicionar este aditivo se pueden atribuir a la etapa de la lactancia (Schwab et al, 1992), ya que su efecto positivo se registra, en su mayoría, a inicios de lactancia. En el presente experimento las vacas se encontraron en 138 días de lactancia como promedio (mediana lactancia), por lo que esta situación pudo afectar negativamente la respuesta al suplementar los animales con HMBTA.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Suplementación con hidroxianálogo de metionina: efecto sobre el desempeño productivo en vacas lecheras

Villalobos¹,

Castro²,

Elizondo-Salazar

2017

Mesoam. Agron.

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© 2017 Agronomía Mesoamericana es desarrollada en la Universidad de Costa Rica y se encuentra licenciada con Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 Costa Rica. Para más información escríbanos a pccmca@ucr.ac.cr ResumenSuplementar vacas lecheras con dietas bajas en proteína con aminoácidos específicos, es una estrategia promisoria para contrarrestar el potencial efecto negativo de una deficiencia de proteína metabolizable en la productividad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue cuantificar el desempeño productivo de vacas lactantes y la calidad de la leche ante dos dietas con diferente concentración de proteína cruda (PC) y el suministro de hidroxianálogo de metionina (HMTBA). El estudio se realizó en una finca lechera comercial en la localidad de Alfaro Ruiz, Alajuela, Costa Rica, durante el primer semestre del 2014. Veinte vacas multíparas de la raza Holstein bajo un sistema de pastoreo, fueron agrupadas de acuerdo con los días de lactancia y número de parto. Dos dietas con diferentes concentraciones de PC (alto 16,6% y estándar 15,8%) con o sin inclusión de HMTBA (25 g/tm) fueron estudiadas en un arreglo factorial 2x2. No se encontraron efectos significativos (P>0,05) sobre la producción de leche, leche corregida al 4% de grasa, grasa láctea, proteína láctea, lactosa, sólidos totales o nitrógeno ureico en leche (NUL) al incluir HMTBA. Alimentar las vacas con alta concentración de PC incrementó significativamente (P<0,05) la concentración de NUL de 18,33 a 20,70 mg/dl. Suplementar HMTBA a vacas en pastoreo no tuvo una respuesta significativa (P>0,05) en las diferentes variables estudiadas y tampoco se encontró una retribución económica, debido a que no se incrementó la cantidad de leche ni los sólidos totales.Palabras clave: aminoácidos esenciales, análogo de metionina, sólidos lácteos, producción de leche. AbstractSupplementing dairy cows with low in protein diets with specific amino acids is a promising strategy to counteract the potential negative effect of metabolizable protein deficiency on productivity. The objective of this study was to quantify the productive performance of lactating dairy cows and their milk quality when they are offered two diets with different crude protein (CP) concentration and when they are supplemented with methionine hydroxy analog (HMTBA). This study was carried out in a commercial dairy farm located in Alfaro Ruiz-Alajuela, Costa Rica, during the first semester of 2014. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows under a grazing system were grouped according to days in lactation and calving number. Two diets with different concentrations of CP (high 16.6% and 15.8% standard), with or without inclusion of HMTBA (25 g/TM) were studied in a 2x2 factorial arrangement. No significant effects (P>0.05) on milk production, 4% fat corrected milk, milk fat, milk protein, lactose, total solids or milk urea nitrogen (MUN) were found when including HMTBA. Feeding cows with high CP concentration significantly increased (P<0.05) MUN concentration from 18.33 to 20.70 mg/dl. Sup...

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Amino Acid Limitation and Flow to Duodenum at Four Stages of Lactation. 1. Sequence of Lysine and Methionine Limitation

Cited by 234 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of rumen-protected choline supplementation on milk production and choline supply of periparturient dairy cows

Effects of rumen-protected choline supplementation on milk production and choline supply of periparturient dairy cows

Rumen and total intestinal tract digestibility of protein and amino acids from different roughages, determined <i>in situ</i>

Suplementación con hidroxianálogo de metionina: efecto sobre el desempeño productivo en vacas lecheras

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