Amine-rich carbon nanodots as a fluorescence probe for methamphetamine precursors

Ho, Hiu Wai; Brown, Christopher L.; Cresswell, Sarah L.; Q, Li

doi:10.1039/c5ay01715g

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In comparison, the reaction in the absence of glycerol but water may have resulted in the decomposition of urea and the formation of carbon nitride and ammonia, which would act as an intermediate for the formation of a N dopant in the carbon core [35]. This would results in rich amines on the surface of wCDs ( Figure S5) [16]. The results from XPS correlate well with the data from IR characterizations.…”

Section: Tem Characterization Insupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Herein, we report a new type of CD that is synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction with citric acid and urea in glycerol, named gCDs. The resultant gCDs exhibit red-shifted PL emission, in comparison to CDs synthesized in water using the same synthetic method and precursors (wCDs) [16]. Interestingly, the gCDs were completely non-toxic to plants (Petunia axillaris seedlings), brine shrimps (Artemia franciscana nauplii) and several bacterial species, which is opposite to the outcome of wCDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In order to evaluate the plausible interactions of the 1k-gCDs with Trx and/or TrxR, sulfur and selenium containing chemicals (cysteine and sodium selenate) were assessed by PL intensity responses of the 1k-gCDs. It is well recognized that PL emission properties of CDs are highly dependent on their surface states [5,16]. Thus, if these analytes are subject to binding onto the surface of the 1k-gCDs, changes in the PL emission would be expected.…”

Section: Further Sample Fractionation and Surface Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective toxicity of hydroxyl-rich carbon nanodots for cancer research

et al. 2018

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Authors are required to submit a graphic entry for the Table of Contents (TOC) in conjunction with the manuscript title. This graphic should capture the readers' attention and give readers a visual impression of the essence of the paper. Labels, formulae, or numbers within the graphic must be legible at publication size. Tables or spectra are not acceptable. Color graphics are highly encouraged. The resolution of the figure should be at least 600 dpi. The size should be at least 50 mm × 80 mm with a rectangular shape (ideally, the ratio of height to width should be less than 1 and larger than 5/8). One to two sentences should be written below the figure to summarize the paper. To create the TOC, please insert your image in the template box below. Fonts, size, and spaces should not be changed.Highly biocompatible carbon nanodots were synthesized, which are abundant in hydroxyl functional groups on particle surface. Interestingly, the nanoparticles display divergent antiproliferative activities against two ovarian choriocarcinoma cell lines, which may be further explored for cancer drug discovery. ABSTRACTThe toxicity of nanoparticles in a biological system is an integration of effects arising from surface functionality, particle size and ionic dissolution etc. Its complexity suggests that generalization on a material's toxicity may be inappropriate. Moreover, from medicinal point of view, toxicity can be used for treatment of malignant cells, such as cancer. In this study, highly biocompatible carbon nanodots (named gCDs) were synthesized by reacting citric acid and urea in glycerol, which resulted in abundant hydroxyl functional groups on particle surface. gCDs show excitation-dependent photoluminescence, but with brighter green to yellow emission. Importantly, a series of toxicity assessments showed that as-synthesized gCDs possess exceptional biocompatibilities to various biological entities including 18 bacteria species, Petunia axillaris seedlings and Artemia franciscana nauplii. Furthermore, the particles were shown to have low-to non-toxic effects on human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell lines, breast (MCF-7), oral squamous (CAL-27) carcinoma cell lines. Of particular interest, the gCDs display antiproliferative activities against ovarian choriocarcinoma cells (JAr / Jeg-3 cell lines), which may be further explored for cancer drug discovery.

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Section: Tem Characterization Insupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Further Sample Fractionation and Surface Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective toxicity of hydroxyl-rich carbon nanodots for cancer research

et al. 2018

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“…With a urea to citric acid molar ratio of 2:1, the as-prepared CDs have predominantly carboxylic acid (-COOH) groups on surface, 20 unlike CDs synthesized with other urea to citric acid ratios that usually have predominantly amines (-NH 2 ) groups on surface. 18,27,36 Therefore, our as-prepared CDs 45 can favorably interact with the amine (-NH 2 ) moiety of DOX via electrostatic attraction as shown in the experimental design overview in Fig. 1a.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon dots as a trackable drug delivery carrier for localized cancer therapy in vivo

et al. 2016

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Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) with a size smaller than 10 nm, excellent biocompatibility, low to none cytoxicity are considered as a rising star in nanomedicine. In this report, for the first time we demonstrate that green-emitting CDs with carboxyl-rich surface can be employed as a trackable drug delivery agent for localized cancer treatment in a mouse model. The CDs are conjugated with the cancer drug, 10 Doxorubicin (DOX), via non-covalent bonding, utilizing the native carboxyl groups on CDs and the amine moiety on DOX molecule. The pH difference between cancer and normal cells was successfully exploited as the triggering mechanism for DOX release. Our in vivo study demonstrated that the fluorescent CDs can serve as a targeted drug delivery system for localized therapy, and the stimuliresponsive non-covalent bonding between the nanodots carrier and the drug molecule is sufficiently stable 15 in complex biological systems. Taken together, our work provides a strategy to promote potential clinical application of CDs in the cancer theranostics.

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“…Kim et al [78] developed a fluorescence-quenching system suitable for the detection of methamphetamine precursors, which relies on C-dots synthesised via hydrothermal treatment of a mixture of urea and citric acid (molar ratio 10:1). The C-dots have an average size of 2 nm and possess an amorphous core, while amine groups and carboxylic acid groups are present on their surface.…”

Section: Detection Of Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Dots for Forensic Applications: A Critical Review

Verhagen

Kelarakis

2020

Nanomaterials

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Owing to their superior fluorescence performance, inexpensive synthesis and nontoxic nature, carbon dots (C-dots) are systematically explored in a variety of applications; in this review, we outline and critically discuss recent trends with respect to their potential exploitation in criminal investigation, forensic toxicology and anti-counterfeit interventions. Capitalising on their colour-tuneable behaviour (in the sense that they adopt different colours with respect to the incident radiation), C-dot-based compositions are ideal for the visual enhancement of latent fingerprints, affording improved contrast against multicoloured and patterned backgrounds. As highly sensitive and highly selective optical nanoprobes, C-dots show excellent analytical performance in detecting biological compounds, drugs, explosives, heavy metals and poisonous reactants. In addition, benefiting from their versatile structural and chemical composition, C-dots can be incorporated into ink and polymeric formulations capable of functioning as a new generation of cost-effective barcodes and security nanotags for object authentication and anti-counterfeit applications. Translating these encouraging research outcomes into real-life innovations with significant social and economic impact requires an open, multidisciplinary approach and a close synergy between materials scientists, biologists, forensic investigators and digital engineers.

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Amine-rich carbon nanodots as a fluorescence probe for methamphetamine precursors

Cited by 30 publications

References 52 publications

Selective toxicity of hydroxyl-rich carbon nanodots for cancer research

Selective toxicity of hydroxyl-rich carbon nanodots for cancer research

Carbon dots as a trackable drug delivery carrier for localized cancer therapy in vivo

Carbon Dots for Forensic Applications: A Critical Review

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