American Democracy Promotion

Cox, Michael; Ikenberry, John; Inoguchi, Takashi

doi:10.1093/0199240973.001.0001

Cited by 162 publications

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“…That its conceptual influence often goes beyond its border. In this sense also, American political science has been instrumental in promoting American style democracy abroad (Cox, Ikenberry, and Inoguchi, 2000; Oren, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Science in Japan: Looking Back and Forward

Inoguchi¹

2010

Japanese Journal of Political Science

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The aim of the article is to review Japanese Political Studies in Japan (JPSJ) circa 2000 for the purpose of identifying the trends of JPSJ and gauging its scope, subject areas, and methods. I then identify the key questions asked in JPSJ, i.e. for the third quarter of the last century: (1) What went wrong for Japan in the 1930s and 1940s, which had been seemingly making progress in the scheme of 'enlightenment and entrepreneurship' and was 'a rich country' with a 'strong army'? (2) What is the secret of Western democracy in excelling itself in terms of keeping freedom and accumulating wealth? For the last quarter of the last century: (1) Why is Japanese politics shaped so heavily by bureaucracy? (2) Why are its citizens so weakly partisan in their voting choice? (3) How are politics and economics intertwined in policy making and electoral behavior? Following these trends in JPSJ in the latter half of the last century, I identify the three trends that have emerged in the first quarter of this century: (1) historicizing the normative and institutional origins of Japanese politics, (2) putting Japanese politics in comparative perspective, (3) the new self-conscious impetus for data collection and theory construction. Despite the steady tide of globalization and the strong influence of American political science, market size, long tradition, and language facility, lead political scientists in Japan to think and write more autonomously.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Science in Japan: Looking Back and Forward

Inoguchi¹

2010

Japanese Journal of Political Science

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“…While the United States is not the only country interested in democracy promotion, it is arguably the most prominent actor in this area. Democracy promotion has been one of the United States’ foreign policy goals for much of its existence (Cox, Ikenberry, and Inoguchi 2000; Smith 2012). The use of the USAID data is appropriate, as the dominant position of the United States in the international system makes it an important empirical object of study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Military Size and the Effectiveness of Democracy Assistance

Savage

2016

Journal of Conflict Resolution

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Countries interested in the promotion of political development often provide aid in the form of democracy assistance. However, some regimes resist these attempts to promote democracy, introducing repressive measures to counteract their effectiveness. Hence, democracy assistance sometimes has the unintended consequence of curtailing democracy. This article explains how the size of the targeted regime’s military determines the effectiveness of democracy assistance and why it can sometimes result in lower levels of political freedom. Large militaries, often holding a privileged position in authoritarian regimes, will be threatened by political liberalization and its associated redistribution of resources. They will thus work with the regime to limit the effect of democracy assistance, while their size makes this repression more feasible. In states with smaller militaries, regimes have less incentive and capacity for repression, and democracy assistance is more successful at empowering democratic opposition. Cross-national statistical analysis of the United States Agency for International Development democracy assistance supports the argument.

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“…3 Following both the end of World War II and the end of the Cold War, increasing numbers of democratic states and international organizations incorporated democracy promotion explicitly into their policies toward other countries. 4 Various forms of foreign assistance from states, NGOs, intergovernmental organizations, and international financial institutions became conditioned on democracy and democratization. These international actors became more likely to reduce support for countries that experienced military coups, failed to hold democratic elections, or engaged in massive violations of political rights.…”

Section: Field Experiments and The Effects Of Democracy Promotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimenting in Democracy Promotion: International Observers and the 2004 Presidential Elections in Indonesia

Hyde¹

2010

Persp on Pol

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Randomized field experiments have gained attention within the social sciences and the field of democracy promotion as an influential tool for causal inference and a potentially powerful method of impact evaluation. With an eye toward facilitating field experimentation in democracy promotion, I present the first field-experimental study of international election monitoring, which should be of interest to both practitioners and academics. I discuss field experiments as a promising method for evaluating the effects of democracy assistance programs. Applied to the 2004 presidential elections in Indonesia, the random assignment of international election observers reveals that even though the election was widely regarded as democratic, the presence of observers had a measurable effect on votes cast for the incumbent candidate, indicating that such democracy assistance can influence election quality even in the absence of blatant election-day fraud.

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American Democracy Promotion

Cited by 162 publications

References 0 publications

Political Science in Japan: Looking Back and Forward

Political Science in Japan: Looking Back and Forward

Military Size and the Effectiveness of Democracy Assistance

Experimenting in Democracy Promotion: International Observers and the 2004 Presidential Elections in Indonesia

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