Amer2 Protein Interacts with EB1 Protein and Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) and Controls Microtubule Stability and Cell Migration

Abstract

Background: Amer2 localizes to the plasma membrane, interacts with adenomatous polyposis coli, and regulates Wnt signaling. Results: Amer2 recruits the microtubule-associated protein EB1 to the plasma membrane and affects the stabilization of microtubules and cell migration. Conclusion: Amer2 is a novel regulator of microtubule stability by interacting with EB1. Significance: A novel membrane-associated regulator of microtubule stabilization at the plasma membrane was identified and shown to affect cell migration.

Anti-Migratory Effect of Vinflunine in Endothelial and Glioblastoma Cells Is Associated with Changes in EB1 C-Terminal Detyrosinated/Tyrosinated Status

“…On the other hand, EB1 appeared to be a more reliable marker as we found a strong correlation between EB1 accumulation at MT (+) ends and the inhibition of endothelial migration by VFL at all effective concentrations. These results are strengthened by recent works demonstrating that EB1 down-regulation impairs migration [35] and capillary-like tube formation in endothelial cells [36]. Taken together these observations make EB1 comets a crucial marker of cell migration and a potential target in neoangiogenesis.…”

Zebrafish Wtx is a negative regulator of Wnt signaling but is dispensable for embryonic development and organ homeostasis

“…After transient transfection of human MFC-7 and zebrafish-derived ZF4 cells, Wtx and Amer2 were predominantly found to associate with the plasma membrane of both cell types ( Figure 1C). Similar results were reported for the human WTX/AMER proteins in MCF-7 cells, 13,14,20,21 demonstrating a conserved cellular distribution of the Wtx/Amer family members between human and zebrafish. Similar results were reported for the human WTX/AMER proteins in MCF-7 cells, 13,14,20,21 demonstrating a conserved cellular distribution of the Wtx/Amer family members between human and zebrafish.…”

“…14,17,20 The respective zebrafish genes are sequentially expressed during embryonic development ( Figure 1A). 14,17,20 The respective zebrafish genes are sequentially expressed during embryonic development ( Figure 1A).…”

“…15 More recently, a hypomorphic Wtx allele has been shown to be compatible with postnatal life and showed mild developmental abnormalities resulting in skeletal defects including changed skull morphology and an increased bone density in the whole body. 20 In contrast, AMER3, which does not harbor an N-terminal membrane binding domain is found as a nucleocytoplasmic protein. 14,17 The common ancestry of the Amer proteins is supported by the presence of six highly conserved sequence blocks with no homology to domains of known function.…”

Interactions and functions of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein at a glance

“…Many of the known interaction partners of APC, such as bcatenin, are accounted for. However, not all of the previously published protein-protein interactions of APC, including those with the Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1, topoisomerase 2, and the APC membrane recruitment proteins AMER1 and AMER2, were included in the BioGRID database, suggesting that it is not complete (Pfister et al, 2012a;Pfister et al, 2012b;Wang et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2010;Watanabe et al, 2004). The entire set of the protein interactions of APC reported by BioGRID, plus the omissions we detected on the basis of published data, is shown on the accompanying poster grouped into colour-coded clusters showing the functions of the interactors (Breitkreutz et al, 2003).…”