Aluminum-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Schott, Eric J.; Gardner, Richard C.

doi:10.1007/s004380050391

Cited by 47 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…SLK1 belongs to the same pathway of SLT2 MAP kinase (SLT2 pathway) and encodes the corresponding MAP kinase-kinase. Schott and Gardner (1997) have shown that yeasts with a mutant SLT2 pathway are aluminum sensitive, these authors suggesting that this results in failure of the cells properly to cease division in the presence of toxic levels of aluminum. The expression of NtGDI1 in response to aluminum toxicity seems to cause an increased afflux of aluminum (Ezaki et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospecting sugarcane genes involved in aluminum tolerance

et al. 2001

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Aluminum is one of the major factors that affect plant development in acid soils, causing a substantial reduction in yield in many crops. In South America, about 66% of the land surface is made up of acid soils where high aluminum saturation is one of the main limiting factors for agriculture. The biochemical and molecular basis of aluminum tolerance in plants is far from being completely understood despite a growing number of studies, and in the specific case of sugarcane there are virtually no reports on the effects of gene regulation on aluminum stress. The objective of the work presented in this paper was to prospect the sugarcane expressed sequence tag (SUCEST) data bank for sugarcane genes related to several biochemical pathways known to be involved in the responses to aluminum toxicity in other plant species and yeast. Sugarcane genes similar to most of these genes were found, including those coding for enzymes that alleviate oxidative stress or combat infection by pathogens and those which code for proteins responsible for the release of organic acids and signal transducers. The role of these genes in aluminum tolerance mechanisms is reviewed. Due to the high level of genomic conservation in related grasses such as maize, barley, sorghum and sugarcane, these genes may be valuable tools which will help us to better understand and to manipulate aluminum tolerance in these species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospecting sugarcane genes involved in aluminum tolerance

et al. 2001

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“…A long evolutionary history of exposure to Al is likely to favor the development of highly adapted genotypes with polygenic control of resistance, because Al resistance can be modified by a considerable number of genes (Larsen et al, 1996;Schott and Gardner, 1997;Ezaki et al, 1999Ezaki et al, , 2000. Species of agricultural interest tend to be less Al-resistant than "wild species" (Wheeler et al, 1992;Crawford and Wilkens, 1998).…”

Section: Al Resistance Of Signalgrass Is Outstandingly High Compared mentioning

confidence: 99%

The High Level of Aluminum Resistance in Signalgrass Is Not Associated with Known Mechanisms of External Aluminum Detoxification in Root Apices

et al. 2001

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Al resistance of signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf cv Basilisk), a widely sown tropical forage grass, is outstanding compared with the closely related ruzigrass (Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain and Evrard cv Common) and Al-resistant genotypes of graminaceous crops such as wheat, triticale, and maize. Secretion of organic acids and phosphate by root apices and alkalinization of the apical rhizosphere are commonly believed to be important mechanisms of Al resistance. However, root apices of signalgrass secreted only moderately larger quantities of organic acids than did those of ruzigrass, and efflux from signalgrass apices was three to 30 times smaller than from apices of Al-resistant genotypes of buckwheat, maize, and wheat (all much more sensitive to Al than signalgrass). In the presence, but not absence, of Al, root apices of signalgrass alkalinized the rhizosphere more than did those of ruzigrass. The latter was associated with a shortening of the alkalinizing zone in Al-intoxicated apices of ruzigrass, indicating that differences in alkalinizing power were a consequence, not a cause of, differential Al resistance. These data indicate that the main mechanism of Al resistance in signalgrass does not involve external detoxification of Al. Therefore, highly effective resistance mechanisms based on different physiological strategies appear to operate in this species.Al toxicity is one of the most important constraints to crop production on acid soils (Rao et al., 1993; De la Fuente-Martínez and Herrera-Estrella, 1999). Al 3ϩ ions, the most toxic mononuclear Al species, inhibit root elongation by injuring the root apex, particularly the distal part of the transition zone (Ryan et al., 1993;Kinraide, 1997;Sivaguru and Horst, 1998). Despite considerable research, the mechanistic basis of Al toxicity is not well understood (Delhaize and

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“…Although yeast apoptosis is still controversial (LeBrasseur, 2004), abundant evidence suggests that yeast is an excellent model system because it has been extensively characterized both biologically and genetically (Fleury et al, 2002b;Jin and Reed, 2002;Madeo et al, 2004). Moreover, yeast has several advantages for research on Al toxicity and tolerance (MacDiarmid and Cardner, 1996), and parallels between yeast and plant systems are evident on some mechanisms of Al toxicity (Schott and Gardner, 1997;MacDiarmid and Gardner, 1998;Ezaki et al, 1999;Anoop et al, 2003). Therefore, clarifying how Al induces yeast cells to undergo PCD would be helpful to better understand the complex mechanisms of Alinduced PCD in plants.…”

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Programmed Cell Death-Involved Aluminum Toxicity in Yeast Alleviated by Antiapoptotic Members with Decreased Calcium Signals

Zheng

Pan

et al. 2006

Plant Physiology

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The molecular mechanisms of aluminum (Al) toxicity and tolerance in plants have been the focus of ongoing research in the area of stress phytophysiology. Recent studies have described Al-induced apoptosis-like cell death in plant and animal cells. In this study, we show that yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) exposed to low effective concentrations of Al for short times undergoes enhanced cell division in a manner that is dose and cell density dependent. At higher concentrations of Al or longer exposure times, Al induces cell death and growth inhibition. Several apoptotic features appear during Al treatment, including cell shrinkage, vacuolation, chromatin marginalization, nuclear fragmentation, DNA degradation, and DNA strand breaks, as well as concomitant cell aggregation. Yeast strains expressing Ced-9, Bcl-2, and PpBI-1 (a plant Bax inhibitor-1 isolated from Phyllostachys praecox), respectively, display more resistance to Al toxicity compared with control cells. Data from flow cytometric studies show these three antiapoptotic members do not affect reactive oxygen species levels, but decrease calcium ion (Ca 21 ) signals in response to Al stress, although both intracellular reactive oxygen species and Ca 21 levels were increased. The data presented suggest that manipulation of the negative regulation process of programmed cell death may provide a novel mechanism for conferring Al tolerance.

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Aluminum-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 47 publications

References 40 publications

Prospecting sugarcane genes involved in aluminum tolerance

Prospecting sugarcane genes involved in aluminum tolerance

The High Level of Aluminum Resistance in Signalgrass Is Not Associated with Known Mechanisms of External Aluminum Detoxification in Root Apices

Programmed Cell Death-Involved Aluminum Toxicity in Yeast Alleviated by Antiapoptotic Members with Decreased Calcium Signals

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