Alternative Frameworks for Advancing the Study of Eating Disorders

Stern, Sarah A.; Bulik, Cynthia M.

doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.10.001

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…It is thereby not surprising that altered hypothalamic structure and connectivity have been implicated in the emergence of AN. For example, neuroimaging studies have described increased connectivity within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) but decreased connectivity within the lateral hypothalamus, as well as neurochemical imbalances in AN patients following a meal (34)(35)(36). However, whether these and other structural and functional changes are a cause or consequence of AN remains unclear.…”

Section: Section 2 Use Of the Aba Paradigm To Identify Metabo-psychiatric Mechanisms In Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Utility of Animal Models for Studying the Metabo-Psychiatric Origins of Anorexia Nervosa

Zhang

Dulawa

2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder that primarily affects young women and girls, and is characterized by abnormal restrictive feeding and a dangerously low body-mass index. AN has one of the highest mortality rates of any psychiatric disorder, and no approved pharmacological treatments exist. Current psychological and behavioral treatments are largely ineffective, and relapse is common. Relatively little basic research has examined biological mechanisms that underlie AN compared to other major neuropsychiatric disorders. A recent large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed that the genetic architecture of AN has strong metabolic as well as psychiatric origins, suggesting that AN should be reconceptualized as a metabo-psychiatric disorder. Therefore, identifying the metabo-psychiatric mechanisms that contribute to AN may be essential for developing effective treatments. This review focuses on animal models for studying the metabo-psychiatric mechanisms that may contribute to AN, with a focus on the activity-based anorexia (ABA) paradigm. We also highlight recent work using modern circuit-dissecting neuroscience techniques to uncover metabolic mechanisms that regulate ABA, and encourage further work to ultimately identify novel treatment strategies for AN.

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Section: Section 2 Use Of the Aba Paradigm To Identify Metabo-psychiatric Mechanisms In Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Utility of Animal Models for Studying the Metabo-Psychiatric Origins of Anorexia Nervosa

Zhang

Dulawa

2021

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Through the first author’s practice and research experiences in the ED field, and the second author’s experience leading ED support groups at a University campus, both noticed the dominant positivist medical models guiding ED intervention research. This is evident in current research trends towards genetic, neuroimaging, and machine learning approaches to understanding the causes of EDs that inform subsequent interventions or treatments (Booij & Steiger, 2020; Bracher-Smith et al, 2020; Stern & Bulik, 2020). What also became apparent was the underlying Euro-centric male positivist views that have historically guided knowledge production in this field.…”

Section: Reflexive Analysis: Positionality and Epistemologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Post-Structural Feminist Analysis of Eating Disorders Intervention Research

Hussain

Dar

Ganson

2021

Affilia

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Through an epistemological stance of post-structural feminism, this conceptual paper explores the use of language within eating disorders (ED) intervention articles, and the problematic narratives and power dynamics that are reinforced through this discourse. The paper begins with a vignette coupled with reflexive analysis of the authors’ experiences within a hospital-based ED unit. The authors then engage in a post-structural feminist analysis to discuss how language within ED intervention research relay problematic narratives of: (1) the individual with an ED as passively, not actively, engaged in care; (2) that their experiences can be captured and categorized; and (3) that measurement based scientific knowledge is more valuable than the lived experiences of clients. Overall, the authors argue that these narratives not only shape how social work researchers think of EDs, but also what we think of those with EDs. These themes also signal a larger power dynamic that continuously favours the epistemic value of researchers’ knowledge over that of the client’s, which runs contrary to the guiding principles of client-centered care in social work. To address these critiques, the authors recommend that social work researchers adopt an eco-social phenomenological approach informed by post-structural feminism when conducting ED intervention research.

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“…Calibration of feeding is guided by the interoceptive cues from physiological signals that support life and homeostasis [1][2][3] , associations of hedonic and rewarding experiences that coincide with food consumption 4,5 , and by the linkage of these outcomes to the socioenvironmental cues and exteroceptive contexts in which feeding behaviors are learned and occur [6][7][8][9][10][11] . Failures to calibrate motivated behaviors, such as food rewardseeking, to these interoceptive and exteroceptive-specific circumstances are core issues for those with eating disorders [12][13][14][15] , whose treatment options remain costly, limited, and often only temporarily effective. Patients with an eating disorder may exhibit lengthy and dangerous bouts of food avoidance across contexts (such as with anorexia nervosa or avoidant restrictive food intake disorder) and/or loss of control and overconsumption (as with bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dorsal hippocampus-prodynorphinergic dorsolateral septum-to-lateral hypothalamus circuit mediates contextual gating of feeding

Goode,

Alipio,

Besnard

et al. 2024

Preprint

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SUMMARYAdaptive regulation of feeding depends on linkage of internal states and food outcomes with contextual cues. Human brain imaging has identified dysregulation of a hippocampal-lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) network in binge eating, but mechanistic instantiation of underlying cell-types and circuitry is lacking. Here, we identify an evolutionary conserved and discrete Prodynorphin (Pdyn)-expressing subpopulation of Somatostatin (Sst)-expressing inhibitory neurons in the dorsolateral septum (DLS) that receives primarily dorsal, but not ventral, hippocampal inputs. DLS(Pdyn) neurons inhibit LHA GABAergic neurons and confer context- and internal state-dependent calibration of feeding. Viral deletion ofPdynin the DLS mimicked effects seen with optogenetic silencing of DLSPdynINs, suggesting a potential role for DYNORPHIN-KAPPA OPIOID RECEPTOR signaling in contextual regulation of food-seeking. Together, our findings illustrate how the dorsal hippocampus has evolved to recruit an ancient LHA feeding circuit module throughPdynDLS inhibitory neurons to link contextual information with regulation of food consumption.HIGHLIGHTSDLS(Pdyn) neurons receive dense input from the dorsal but not ventral hippocampusDLS(Pdyn) neurons inhibit GABAergic neurons in the LHASilencing dorsal hippocampus-DLS(Pdyn)-LHA circuit nodes abolishes context-conditioned feedingPdynin the DLS is necessary for context-conditioned feeding

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Alternative Frameworks for Advancing the Study of Eating Disorders

Cited by 12 publications

References 79 publications

The Utility of Animal Models for Studying the Metabo-Psychiatric Origins of Anorexia Nervosa

The Utility of Animal Models for Studying the Metabo-Psychiatric Origins of Anorexia Nervosa

A Post-Structural Feminist Analysis of Eating Disorders Intervention Research

A dorsal hippocampus-prodynorphinergic dorsolateral septum-to-lateral hypothalamus circuit mediates contextual gating of feeding

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