Alternative electrification pathways for light-duty vehicles in the European transport sector

Life-cycle impacts from different decarbonization pathways for the European car fleet

“…Note that these costs are essentially free parameters for future timesteps and allow for a wide range of fleet compositions. More detail on the assumptions for these parameters is given in Rottoli et al (2021b) for the same set of scenarios. The intrinsic parameters for the LCA model carculator are left unaltered across scenarios.…”

“…For more information on the age structure and the vehicle size distributions in the fleet, please refer to figure 4 in the supplementary material. The scenarios are documented in detail in Rottoli et al (2021b) and available at Zenodo (Dirnaichner et al 2021).…”

“…While such studies are very helpful in comparing the performance of different powertrain technologies in the future, they do not explore the implications the penetration of a given technology may have on the energy system and economy because of changes in demand for energy and resources. Such feedback is studied in integrated assessment models (IAMs) with varying detail on the transportation sector (Anandarajah et al 2013, McCollum et al 2014, Pietzcker et al 2014, Rottoli et al 2021b. To date however, the impact assessment in these models is mostly limited to usephase GHG emissions and the integration of P-LCA with IAMs is still impeded by the complexity of the resulting systems.…”

Economy-wide impacts of road transport electrification in the EU

“… McCollum et al (2014) highlight that transport electrification can lead to lower cost decarbonisation pathways than reliance on alternative liquid fuels (biofuels and synthetic fuels). Similarly, Rottoli et al (2021) find that direct electrification is a better option for decarbonisation of the light-duty vehicle fleet in Europe compared to fuel-cell or synthetic fuel options, as it significantly reduces the primary energy demand required to meet the needs of the transport system. Zhang and Fujimori (2020) explore the transport-energy supply integration, stressing how a stringent electrification of transport with decarbonisation of electricity supply could lead to lower mitigation costs than alternative scenarios.…”

Study of the Potential of Electrified Powertrains with Dual-Fuel Combustion to Achieve the 2025 Emissions Targets in Heavy-Duty Applications

“…However, there is not an agreement on how to consider these methodologies and the required databases yet. Considering different studies in the literature, the adoption of only BEV and FCEV technology for the transport sector seems to be not the best option in the near-term [24,25]. Thus, the lack of support in developing efficient HEVs to be used as technology-bridge could generate a global negative environmental impact.…”