Alterations in seawater pH and CO2 affect calcification and photosynthesis in the tropical coralline alga, Hydrolithon sp. (Rhodophyta)

Semesi, Immaculate Sware; Kangwe, Juma W.; Björk, Mats

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.03.038

Cited by 117 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…] is controversial [30,32]. It is possible however that both calcification and photosynthesis in CCA presently are limited by DIC [11,31], which is consistent with our study where calcification was dependent on both [HCO 3 …”

supporting

confidence: 82%

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Coral reef calcifiers buffer their response to ocean acidification using both bicarbonate and carbonate

2013

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Central to evaluating the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on coral reefs is understanding how calcification is affected by the dissolution of CO 2 in sea water, which causes declines in carbonate ion concentration [ ]. Our results show that the negative effect of declining [CO 3 22 ] on the calcification of corals and algae can be partly mitigated by the use of HCO 3 2 for calcification and perhaps photosynthesis. These results add empirical support to two conceptual models that can form a template for further research to account for the calcification response of corals and crustose coralline algae to OA.

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supporting

confidence: 82%

“…In CCA, calcification has received less attention than in corals. The few studies investigating the response of CCA to modified carbonate chemistry conclude that calcification declines when [CO 3 22 ] diminishes [29][30][31] or displays a parabolic response to decreasing [CO 3 22 ] [11]. By contrast, the response of photosynthesis of CCA to [HCO 3 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral reef calcifiers buffer their response to ocean acidification using both bicarbonate and carbonate

2013

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“…By comparing the results of several studies, one can say that the effects of OA on photosynthesis of macroalgae varies according to species and functional traits, as well as incubation characteristics (time exposure, light quality and quantity, type and size of incubator, etc.) (Martin & Gattuso 2009, Semesi et al 2009, Gao & Zheng 2010, Sinutok et al 2011, Zou et al 2011. Important physiological aspects to be considered are the presence of an HCO 3 − transport system, the type of carbon-concentrating mechanisms (CCM) (Mercado et al 1998, Wu et al 2008) and the possible inhibitory effect of CO 2 on respiration, among others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel in situ system to evaluate the effect of high CO2 on photosynthesis and biochemistry of seaweeds

Korbee¹,

Navarro²,

García-Sánchez³

et al. 2014

Aquat. Biol.

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Previous studies of the impact of increased CO 2 on macroalgae have mainly been done in laboratories or mesocosm systems, placing organisms under both artificial light and seawater conditions. In this study, macroalgae were incubated in situ in UV-transparent cylinders under conditions similar to the external environment. This system was tested in a short-term study (5.5 h incubation) on the effect of 2 partial pressures of CO 2 (pCO 2 ): air (ambient CO 2 ) and the pCO 2 predicted by the end of the 21st century (700 µatm, high CO 2 ), on photosynthesis, photosynthetic pigments and photoprotection in calcifying (Ellisolandia elongata and Padina pavonica) and non-calcifying (Cystoseira tamariscifolia) macroalgae. The calcifying P. pavonica showed higher net photosynthesis under high CO 2 than under ambient CO 2 conditions, whereas the opposite occurred in C. tamariscifolia. Both brown algae (P. pavonica and C. tamariscifolia) showed activation of non-photochemical quenching mechanisms under high CO 2 conditions. However, in P. pavonica the phenol content was reduced after CO 2 enrichment. In contrast to phenols, in E. elongata other photoprotectors such as zeaxanthin and palythine (mycosporine-like amino acid) tended to increase in the high CO 2 treatment. The different responses of these species to elevated pCO 2 may be due to anatomical and physiological differences and could represent a shift in their relative dominance as key species in the face of ocean acidification (OA). More in situ studies could be carried out to evaluate how macroalgae will respond to increases in pCO 2 in a future OA scenario. The in situ incubator system proposed in this work may contribute towards increasing this knowledge.

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“…Therefore, the negative effect of ocean acidification on L. corallioides G d would be exacerbated by the presence of epiphytic algae, which promote a decline in pH in the dark. In light, several studies have suggested that moderate growth of fleshy macroalgal communities may reduce the impact of ocean acidification on coralline calcification by reducing the CO 2 concentration of seawater through photosynthesis (Semesi et al, 2009;Short et al, 2014). Conversely, other studies showed that the overgrowth of epiphytic fleshy algae may shade underlying coralline algae and reduce coralline net calcification rates (Garrabou and Ballesteros, 2000;Martin and Gattuso, 2009).…”

Section: Net Production Gross Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Predicted ocean acidification and warming are likely to have major implications for marine organisms, especially marine calcifiers. However, little information is available on the response of marine benthic communities as a whole to predicted changes. Here, we experimentally examined the combined effects of temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2 ) increases on the response of maerl bed assemblages, composed of living and dead thalli of the free-living coralline alga Lithothamnion corallioides, epiphytic fleshy algae, and grazer species. Two 3-month experiments were performed in the winter and summer seasons in mesocosms with four different combinations of pCO 2 (ambient and high pCO 2 ) and temperature (ambient and +3 • C). The response of maerl assemblages was assessed using metabolic measurements at the species and assemblage scales. This study suggests that seasonal variability represents an important driver influencing the magnitude and the direction of species and community response to climate change. Gross primary production and respiration of assemblages was enhanced by high pCO 2 conditions in the summer. This positive effect was attributed to the increase in epiphyte biomass, which benefited from higher CO 2 concentrations for growth and primary production. Conversely, high pCO 2 drastically decreased the calcification rates in assemblages. This response can be attributed to the decline in calcification rates of living L. corallioides due to acidification and increased dissolution of dead L. corallioides. Future changes in pCO 2 and temperature are likely to promote the development of non-calcifying algae to the detriment of the engineer species L. corallioides. The development of fleshy algae may be modulated by the ability of grazers to regulate epiphyte growth. However, our results suggest that predicted changes will negatively affect the metabolism of grazers and potentially their ability to control epiphyte abundance. We show here that the effects of pCO 2 and temperature on maerl bed communities were weakened when these factors were combined. This underlines the importance of examining multifactorial approaches and community-level processes, which integrate species interactions, to better understand the impact of global change on marine ecosystems.

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Alterations in seawater pH and CO2 affect calcification and photosynthesis in the tropical coralline alga, Hydrolithon sp. (Rhodophyta)

Cited by 117 publications

References 25 publications

Coral reef calcifiers buffer their response to ocean acidification using both bicarbonate and carbonate

Coral reef calcifiers buffer their response to ocean acidification using both bicarbonate and carbonate

A novel in situ system to evaluate the effect of high CO2 on photosynthesis and biochemistry of seaweeds

Species interactions can shift the response of a maerl bed community to ocean acidification and warming

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