Alteration of hypertrophic scars induced by mechanical pressure

Kischer, C. Ward

doi:10.1001/archderm.111.1.60

Cited by 52 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…One action may be to provide primary closure of the removal site with sutures or to use pressure garments to inhibit excess proliferation of fibroblasts, protect against irritation, and reduce the scar size as with skin lesions. 20,33,34 Although miniscrew failure per se did not increase the risk of scarring, our study was cross-sectional, and the course of initial healing was not evaluated. Since infection and persistent inflammation after removal the natural course of healing after miniscrew removal and factors influencing initial healing should be further evaluated in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional evaluation of the prevalence and factors associated with soft tissue scarring after the removal of miniscrews

Jung

Choi

Lee

et al. 2014

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of distinguishable soft tissue scarring after the removal of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) such as orthodontic miniscrews and to analyze the factors associated with scar formation. Materials and Methods: The prevalence of soft tissue scarring in 66 patients (202 miniscrew removal sites) was clinically investigated at least 1 year after miniscrew removal. To determine the clinical factors associated with soft tissue scar formation, miniscrew stability; host factors including age, gender, and gingival biotype; and miniscrew-related factors such as insertion site, vertical position, and insertion period were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of a distinguishable scar remaining at least 1 year after miniscrew removal was 44.6%. Patients with flat gingiva showed a significantly higher prevalence of soft tissue scar formation than did those with pronounced scalloped gingiva (P , .05). Maxillary buccal removal sites showed a significantly higher prevalence of soft tissue scar formation than did those in the mandible or palatal slope (P , .05). Miniscrew sites at the alveolar mucosa showed a significantly lower prevalence of soft tissue scar formation than did those in the mucogingival junction or the attached gingiva (P , .01). Conclusion: The prevalence of distinguishable scarring after miniscrew removal was fairly high. On the basis of our results, patients with flat gingiva and buccal interdental gingival insertion sites are more susceptible to scar formation. (Angle Orthod. 2015;85:420-426.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional evaluation of the prevalence and factors associated with soft tissue scarring after the removal of miniscrews

Jung

Choi

Lee

et al. 2014

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…11 Histological analysis of untreated HS showed concentric nodular collagen fiber heaps in the deep dermis, whereas in HS treated by elastocompression, the remodeling process was evident in the organization of collagen, elastin, and fibrillin deposits. 9,11 Hypertrophy reduction has also been addressed to an ischemic process characterized by cellular damage and collagen synthesis reduction, 12 but this effect seems to be relevant only for prolonged treatment. 9 In our in vitro model, this effect, if present, was minimized by the oxygenation of the samples throughout the pressure treatment.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release and Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 During In Vitro Mechanical Compression in Hypertrophic Scars

Renò

Grazianetti²,

Stella³

et al. 2002

Arch Dermatol

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“…Both keloids and hypertrophic lesions have been shown to have a high density of microvessels (Rockwell et al, 1989;Ehrlich et al, 1994), although these are either partially or fully occluded (Kischer et al, 1982). Given that a number of studies have indicated that tissue hypoxia could act as a stimulus for angiogenesis (Kischer et al, 1975;Rockwell et al, 1989;Appleton et al, 1996), and since both keloid and hypertrophic scars have been shown to be hypoxic (Kischer et al, 1982), this could account for the high degree of vasculature found in these lesions. In terms of blood vessel occlusion, this could be attributed to the stimulation of excess endothelial cell proliferation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modelling of Nitric Oxide Activity in Wound Healing can explain Keloid and Hypertrophic Scarring

Cobbold

Sherratt

2000

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Keloid and hypertrophic lesions are both types of scarring pathologies which arise as a consequence of excess collagen deposition during the wound healing process. The exact mechanism by which this occurs is not understood and currently no e!ective treatment exists. In this paper, we study the possible role of nitric oxide in excess scar formation. In recent years, the physiological role of this free radical in mammalian tissue has been extensively studied; in particular numerous groups have studied its role in wound healing. We describe a mathematical model which o!ers a possible explanation for keloid scarring in terms of the presence of higher than normal nitric oxide concentrations related to the fact that nitric oxide stimulates synthesis of collagen by "broblasts. As a consequence of this, we put forward a suggestion for a treatment strategy involving the surgical excision of the keloid lesion combined with the application of a low-dose nitric oxide inhibitor. In addition, we show that a quasi-steady-state analysis of our model reveals a possible approach to distinguishing between hypertrophic and keloid lesions, a task which has to date proven to be clinically di$cult. We also present an extended model which con"rms these results in the context of a more complicated and biologically more realistic system. The fuller model demonstrates additional features of keloid and hypertrophic scarring which we were not able to consider in the basic model, and as a consequence further supports our hypothesis that nitric oxide activity could play a key role in keloid scarring. Academic Press

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Alteration of hypertrophic scars induced by mechanical pressure

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Cross-sectional evaluation of the prevalence and factors associated with soft tissue scarring after the removal of miniscrews

Cross-sectional evaluation of the prevalence and factors associated with soft tissue scarring after the removal of miniscrews

Release and Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 During In Vitro Mechanical Compression in Hypertrophic Scars

Mathematical Modelling of Nitric Oxide Activity in Wound Healing can explain Keloid and Hypertrophic Scarring

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