Alpha Lipoic Acid Toxicity: The First Reported Mortality in an Adult Patient After Multiorgan Failure

Halabi, Zeina; Helou, Christelle El; Balushi, Hassan Al; Gittinger, Melissa; Steck, Alaina; Kaakour, Adel; Abu‐Alfa, Ali K.; Zahran, Tharwat El

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2022.12.016

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Another potential mechanism of ALA’s nephroprotection in diabetes is its ability to activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway, leading to upregulation of the second-phase cytoprotective proteins such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) [ 56 , 57 , 58 ]. It should be pointed out that while ALA is nephroprotective in diabetic kidney disease, it may impose pro-oxidant or toxic effects and could fail to serve as an Nrf2 inducer under certain pathophysiological conditions [ 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Additionally, while ALA has been thought to activate insulin signaling pathways to combat diabetes [ 28 ] and has been shown to prevent high fructose-induced cardiometabolic disorders and renal dysfunction [ 62 ], it has also been reported that ALA could only attenuate proteinuria and oxidative stress without slowing progression of diabetic renal failure [ 63 ].…”

Section: Protective Roles Of α-Lipoic Acid (Ala) In Kidney Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal-Protective Roles of Lipoic Acid in Kidney Disease

Kamt

Liu

2023

Nutrients

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The kidney is a crucial organ that eliminates metabolic waste and reabsorbs nutritious elements. It also participates in the regulation of blood pressure, maintenance of electrolyte balance and blood pH homeostasis, as well as erythropoiesis and vitamin D maturation. Due to such a heavy workload, the kidney is an energy-demanding organ and is constantly exposed to endogenous and exogenous insults, leading to the development of either acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nevertheless, there are no therapeutic managements to treat AKI or CKD effectively. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches for fighting kidney injury are urgently needed. This review article discusses the role of α-lipoic acid (ALA) in preventing and treating kidney diseases. We focus on various animal models of kidney injury by which the underlying renoprotective mechanisms of ALA have been unraveled. The animal models covered include diabetic nephropathy, sepsis-induced kidney injury, renal ischemic injury, unilateral ureteral obstruction, and kidney injuries induced by folic acid and metals such as cisplatin, cadmium, and iron. We highlight the common mechanisms of ALA’s renal protective actions that include decreasing oxidative damage, increasing antioxidant capacities, counteracting inflammation, mitigating renal fibrosis, and attenuating nephron cell death. It is by these mechanisms that ALA achieves its biological function of alleviating kidney injury and improving kidney function. Nevertheless, we also point out that more comprehensive, preclinical, and clinical studies will be needed to make ALA a better therapeutic agent for targeting kidney disorders.

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Section: Protective Roles Of α-Lipoic Acid (Ala) In Kidney Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal-Protective Roles of Lipoic Acid in Kidney Disease

Kamt

Liu

2023

Nutrients

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“…While the prolonged use of α-lipoic acid has been demonstrated to be well-tolerated among healthy individuals [ 64 , 65 ] and it is generally considered not toxic [ 66 , 67 ], registered adverse effects have been correlated with the use of high α-lipoic acid doses [ 68 , 69 , 70 ], such as gastrointestinal side effects such as stomach discomfort, nausea, or diarrhoea [ 71 ]. Moreover, α-lipoic acid at a high dosage negatively affected the liver enzyme activity and induced liver damage in mice and monkeys [ 66 , 72 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnological Approaches to Enhance the Potential of α-Lipoic Acid for Application in the Clinic

Bellini,

Mancin,

Papini

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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α-lipoic acid is a naturally occurring compound with potent antioxidant properties that helps protect cells and tissues from oxidative stress. Its incorporation into nanoplatforms can affect factors like bioavailability, stability, reactivity, and targeted delivery. Nanoformulations of α-lipoic acid can significantly enhance its solubility and absorption, making it more bioavailable. While α-lipoic acid can be prone to degradation in its free form, encapsulation within nanoparticles ensures its stability over time, and its release in a controlled and sustained manner to the targeted tissues and cells. In addition, α-lipoic acid can be combined with other compounds, such as other antioxidants, drugs, or nanomaterials, to create synergistic effects that enhance their overall therapeutic benefits or hinder their potential cytotoxicity. This review outlines the advantages and drawbacks associated with the use of α-lipoic acid, as well as various nanotechnological approaches employed to enhance its therapeutic effectiveness, whether alone or in combination with other bioactive agents. Furthermore, it describes the engineering of α-lipoic acid to produce poly(α-lipoic acid) nanoparticles, which hold promise as an effective drug delivery system.

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Multiple drugs

2023

Reactions Weekly

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Alpha Lipoic Acid Toxicity: The First Reported Mortality in an Adult Patient After Multiorgan Failure

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Renal-Protective Roles of Lipoic Acid in Kidney Disease

Renal-Protective Roles of Lipoic Acid in Kidney Disease

Nanotechnological Approaches to Enhance the Potential of α-Lipoic Acid for Application in the Clinic

Multiple drugs

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