Alpha desynchronization during Stroop test unmasks cognitively healthy individuals with abnormal CSF Amyloid/Tau

Arakaki, Xianghong; Hung, Shao-Min; Rochart, Roger; Fonteh, Alfred N.; Harrington, Michael G.

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.11.009

Cited by 12 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The study design and overall quality for each study are shown in Table 1. Nine of the 13 cross-sectional studies achieved good classification (Amodio et al, 2017; Angel et al, 2010; Arakaki et al, 2022; Babiloni et al, 2020, 2021; Fleck et al, 2019; Gajewski et al, 2020; Hernaiz Alonso et al, 2019; Quinzi et al, 2020), two achieved very good classification (Fleck et al, 2017; Speer & Soldan, 2015), and two achieved fair quality (Gutiérrez-Zamora Velasco et al, 2021; Khachatryan et al, 2021). Among the two case-control studies, one scored 7 points (Gu et al, 2018), and the other scored 4 points (Sundgren et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding CR proxies, education was a common basis between studies, although it was assessed in different aspects. Three studies used only education as a proxy for CR (Angel et al, 2010; Babiloni et al, 2020, 2021), one used only IQ (Gajewski et al, 2020), and other four studies included both education and IQ (Arakaki et al, 2022; Fleck et al, 2017; Hernaiz Alonso et al, 2019; Sundgren et al, 2015), one used education, IQ and read task (Speer & Soldan, 2015) and one used reading syntactic skills (Gutiérrez-Zamora Velasco et al, 2021). Finally, another five studies assessed used a CR compound measure, the CRIq (Amodio et al, 2017; Fleck et al, 2019; Gu et al, 2018; Khachatryan et al, 2021; Nucci et al, 2012; Quinzi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study design and overall quality for each study are shown in Table 1. Nine of the 13 crosssectional studies achieved good classification (Amodio et al, 2017;Angel et al, 2010;Arakaki et al, 2022;Babiloni et al, 2020Babiloni et al, , 2021 This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.…”

Section: Analysis Of Risk Of Bias and Quality Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural correlates of cognitive reserve based on EEG signals: A systematic review.

Pereira da Silva,

da Silva-Sauer,

Karoline Gonçalves da Fonsêca

et al. 2023

Psychology & Neuroscience

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Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) is a construct for explaining cognitive and functional differences among individuals with similar levels of brain aging or pathology. Objective: We systematically reviewed studies that investigated the neural basis of CR by analyzing electrophysiological signals (EEG), as frequency bands and event-related potentials (ERP) to analyze whether CR would have any effect on the EEG. Method: Study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020186722). The search was conducted on Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore databases with combinations of the following terms in titles, abstracts, and keywords: "event-related potential," "evoked potential," "ERP," "electroencephalography," "brain rhythms," and "cognitive reserve." Results: We found 1,390 articles, 15 of which met the inclusion criteria. Information regarding sample characteristics, EEG equipment, and methods (channels, potentials, and tasks), CR proxies, studies main objectives, and results summary were systematized. Overall, 13 studies showed that higher CR levels were related to greater synchronization in frequency bands or to large amplitudes and faster latencies in ERPs. Conclusion: Even considering the great disparity between methods and samples of the analyzed studies, the results suggest that CR is related to the EEG. We discussed the evidence that CR may influence EEG signals and may be considered a promising technique to provide physiological biomarkers to estimate CR. Further implications regard the potential confounding effects of CR on studies of biomarkers or neural correlates of dementia or other brain pathology.This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Risk Of Bias and Quality Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neural correlates of cognitive reserve based on EEG signals: A systematic review.

Pereira da Silva,

da Silva-Sauer,

Karoline Gonçalves da Fonsêca

et al. 2023

Psychology & Neuroscience

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“…Our recent studies also indicated that combining other physiological data such as those from electroencephalogram and heart rate variability increased the performance when classifying older participants into higher and lower risk groups. 27,33 The ultimate goal of the current research direction is to find sensitive cognitive domains that either provide individual classification with a psychophysical test or can be combined with other critical physiological measures to form an informative index, both with the goal to inform the risk to develop AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These formal neuropsychometric data were combined with CDR, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and MMSE, as described previously 23 . The CSF samples were run on both Innotest (Innogenetics, discontinued) and MSD platforms (K15121G, MSD) to determine total tau (cutoff value > 450 pg/mL) and Aβ 42 26,27 . Participants were then divided depending on individual CSF Aβ/total tau ratios compared to a cutoff value derived from a logistic regression model that correctly diagnosed > 85% of clinically probable AD participants 22 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stronger implicit interference in cognitively healthy older participants with higher risk of Alzheimer's disease

Hung

Shimojo

et al. 2022

Alz & Dem Diag Ass & Dis Mo

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Introduction Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta (Aβ)42 and tau levels have been revealed decades before symptoms onset in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the examination is usually invasive and inaccessible to most people. We thus aimed to develop a non‐invasive behavioral test that targets early potential cognitive changes to gauge cognitive decline. Specifically, we hypothesized that older cognitive healthy participants would exhibit comparable performance when the task was explicit and relied on conscious cognition. However, when the task was implicit, the performance of participants at high and low risks for AD would bifurcate. That is, early changes in unconscious cognition could be linked to cognitive health. Methods We measured implicit interference elicited by an imperceptible distractor in cognitively healthy elderly participants with normal (low risk) and pathological (high risk) Aβ42/total tau ratio. Participants were required to perform a Stroop task (word‐naming or color‐naming on an ink‐semantics inconsistent word) with a visually masked distractor presented prior to the target task. Results We found that, under a high‐effort task (i.e., color‐naming in the Stroop task), high‐risk participants suffered interference when the imperceptible distractor and the subsequent target were incongruent in the responses they triggered. Their reaction times were slowed down by approximately 4%. This implicit interference was not found in the low‐risk participants. Discussion These findings indicate that weakened inhibition of distracting implicit information can be a potential behavioral biomarker of early identification of AD pathology. Our study thus offers a new experimental paradigm to reveal early pathological aging by assessing how individuals respond to subperceptual threshold visual stimuli.

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Practice makes imperfect: stronger implicit interference with practice in individuals at high risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease

Hung,

Adams,

Molloy

et al. 2023

GeroScience

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Early screening to determine patient risk of developing Alzheimer’s will allow better interventions and planning but necessitates accessible methods such as behavioral biomarkers. Previously, we showed that cognitively healthy older individuals whose cerebrospinal fluid amyloid/tau ratio indicates high risk of cognitive decline experienced implicit interference during a high-effort task, signaling early changes in attention. To further investigate attention’s effect on implicit interference, we analyzed two experiments completed sequentially by the same high- and low-risk individuals. We hypothesized that if attention modulates interference, practice would affect the influence of implicit distractors. Indeed, while both groups experienced a strong practice effect, the association between practice and interference effects diverged between groups: stronger practice effects correlated with more implicit interference in high-risk participants, but less interference in low-risk individuals. Furthermore, low-risk individuals showed a positive correlation between implicit interference and EEG low-range alpha event-related desynchronization when switching from high- to low-load tasks. This suggests that lower attention on the task was correlated with stronger interference, a typical phenomenon in the younger population. These results demonstrate how attention impacts implicit interference and highlight early differences in perception between high- and low-risk individuals.

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Alpha desynchronization during Stroop test unmasks cognitively healthy individuals with abnormal CSF Amyloid/Tau

Cited by 12 publications

References 74 publications

Neural correlates of cognitive reserve based on EEG signals: A systematic review.

Neural correlates of cognitive reserve based on EEG signals: A systematic review.

Stronger implicit interference in cognitively healthy older participants with higher risk of Alzheimer's disease

Practice makes imperfect: stronger implicit interference with practice in individuals at high risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease

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