Alopecia Areata Occurring Simultaneously in Identical Twins

Weidman, Abraham I.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1956.01550100092018

Cited by 35 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Occurrence of AA in identical twins [72][73][74][75][76][77] or siblings [78] as well as identification of families with several generations of members with AA [71,79] suggest that this may be an inherited disease. Anywhere between 3.4 and 42% of patients claim a family history of AA [80][81][82][83][84][85], although the general consensus is around 20%.…”

Section: Genetics In Aamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Alopecia areata in Human and Nonhuman Mammalian Species

et al. 1998

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Alopecia areata (AA) is a nonscarring form of inflammatory hair loss in humans. AA-like hair loss has also been observed in other species. In recent years the Dundee experimental bald rat and the C3H/HeJ mouse have been put forward as models for human AA. AA in all species presents with a wide range of clinical features from focal, locally extensive, diffuse hair loss, to near universal alopecia. Histologically, all species have dystrophic anagen stage hair follicles associated with a peri- and intrafollicular inflammatory cell infiltrate. Autoantibodies directed against anagen stage hair follicle structures are a consistent finding. Observations on AA pathogenesis suggest nonhuman species can provide excellent models for the human disease. Ultimately, animal models will be used to determine the genetic basis of AA, potential endogenous and/or environmental trigger(s), mechanism(s) of disease initiation and progression, and allow rapid evaluation of new and improved disease treatments.

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Section: Genetics In Aamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Alopecia areata in Human and Nonhuman Mammalian Species

et al. 1998

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“…10 In this research two monozygotic twins being studied concomitantly had almost identical lesions in terms of location and size. This phenomenon, although already described, [11][12][13] is extremely rare. In spite of the different treatments (one used BD, and other a placebo), they both coursed with total repilation and within the same period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Os dados da literatura não apontam predominância de sexo. 10 Neste estudo duas gêmeas monozigóticas apresentaram o quadro concomitantemente; a localização e o tamanho das lesões eram quase idênticos; o fato, embora já descrito, 11,12,13 é extremamente raro. Apesar do tratamento diferente (uma utilizou DB, e outra, placebo), evoluíram com repilação total no mesmo período de tempo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Tratamento da alopecia areata com corticóide tópico: estudo prospectivo randomizado duplo cego em crianças

Maia

Fernandes

2003

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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FUNDAMENTOS: Na alopecia areata há perda súbita e assintomática de pêlos em qualquer área pilosa do corpo. A etiologia é desconhecida, e os tratamentos propostos não costumam alterar o curso natural e imprevisível da doença. Atinge as crianças, menos responsivas às terapêuticas e mais susceptíveis às formas mais extensas. O estado atópico é considerado fator de pior prognóstico; é provável que a relação entre as duas doenças se deva às origens imunológicas, embora sejam desconhecidos seus pontos de intersecção. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a eficácia do dipropionato de betametasona em creme a 0,05% na alopecia areata da criança e a influência da atopia na resposta terapêutica. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo controlado duplo cego em 35 crianças de até 12 anos portadoras de alopecia areata, atendidas no Ambulatório de Dermatologia do Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira - UFRJ e do Hospital Municipal Jesus, ambos no Rio de Janeiro, RJ, no período de 1996 a 1998. RESULTADOS: Das 35 crianças estudadas, 30 (85,7%) evoluíram com resposta positiva ao final de seis meses de acompanhamento. Os percentuais de resposta foram semelhantes nas terapias utilizadas - dipropionato de betametasona e placebo (p= 0,47). Dos 29 atópicos, 26 (89,6%) tiveram resposta positiva aos tratamentos. Não foi estabelecida correlação estatisticamente significativa entre a resposta terapêutica e a condição atópica (p= 0,19). CONCLUSÃO: Não houve diferença entre as respostas terapêuticas nos grupos estudados; a atopia não influenciou a resposta ao tratamento efetuado.

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“…Previous studies have shown that at least some forms of AA are inherited [86][87][88], as AA occurs in identical twins [89][90][91][92][93][94], siblings [95] and in multiple generations of family members with AA [87,96,97]. A strong association between AA and trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) has been observed [98,99].…”

Section: Genetics Of Human Aamentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia Areata

King¹,

McElwee²,

Sundberg³

2008

Current Directions in Autoimmunity

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The pathogenesis of organ specific, cell mediated autoimmune alopecia areata (AA) has substantially progressed in the last decade. These advances are partly based upon advances in immunology and genetics, improved technological methodology in RNA, DNA, proteomics, and computer analyses, as well as the development of the C3H/HeJ mouse model of AA. The discovery that full thickness skin grafts transfer AA from C3H/HeJ mice that spontaneously develop AA to multiple non-affected C3H/HeJ mice greatly shortened the time of AA onset and provided many more affected mice in this highly reproducible model of AA. These methodological and genetic advances combine to form practical bases for identifying subtypes of human and mouse AA, characterizing disease mechanisms, improving currently available treatments, and developing new, more effective therapies. In the next decade even more exciting new insights into the pathogenesis of subtypes of human AA, their genetic bases, and therapy development will become available based on in-depth data on specific gene mutations and signaling pathways involved. Other organ specific autoimmune diseases will surely benefit from the rapid progress in understanding AA.

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Alopecia Areata Occurring Simultaneously in Identical Twins

Cited by 35 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison of Alopecia areata in Human and Nonhuman Mammalian Species

Comparison of Alopecia areata in Human and Nonhuman Mammalian Species

Tratamento da alopecia areata com corticóide tópico: estudo prospectivo randomizado duplo cego em crianças

Alopecia Areata

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