Alopecia Areata: An Updated Review for 2023

Sibbald, Cathryn

doi:10.1177/12034754231168839

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(182 reference statements)

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“…The prevalence of AA is common among the young population and children as compared to adults [ 4 ]. In our study, the selected patients fall into the age group of 18-50 years, with the mean ages in Group A 29.08 years and in Group B 29.38 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No gender discrimination exists in the prevalence of AA; however, one of the most known autoimmune diseases in men is AA [ 3 ]. AA can occur among any age group, but the prevalence is common among children when compared to the adult population [ 4 ]. It is an autoimmune disorder with various factors, including psychiatric issues, endocrine abnormalities, genetic problems, and infectious agents, all significant contributors to the condition [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Efficacy of Topical Betamethasone Dipropionate and Topical Minoxidil in Patients With Alopecia Areata

Aslam,

Awan,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background and objective Alopecia areata (AA) is a reiterative and nonscarring type of hair loss that can affect any hairy area of the body, particularly the scalp. It manifests as patchy or confluent hair loss with variations in demographics and ethnicity. There are numerous treatment options available, including topical and systemic steroids, topical minoxidil, dithranol, tacrolimus, psoralen and ultraviolet therapy (PUVA), contact immunotherapy, and oral immunosuppressive drugs. However, no previous contrast for efficacy is present between the topical betamethasone versus topical minoxidil alone in our population. This study aims to compare the efficacy of topical betamethasone dipropionate versus topical minoxidil in patients with AA. Methodology A nonrandomized controlled study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Hospital Lahore, incorporating the data of patients between July 26, 2016, and January 26, 2017, after obtaining institutional ethical approval. One hundred patients with alopecia, either on the scalp or any other hairy part, from both genders, aged between 18 and 50 years, were included in the study. Two groups were created, and patients were assigned to these groups based on the clinician's choice. Group A patients were administered betamethasone dipropionate (0.05%) lotion twice daily on affected areas for 12 weeks. Group B patients were administered minoxidil (5%) solution twice daily on affected areas for 12 weeks. A four-week follow-up plan was followed. A five-point scale score system was used for alopecia grading. After 12 weeks, the hair regrowth score (RGS) was used to compare the efficacy of treatment between the two groups. Results A total of 100 patients with grades S1 to S3 AA of less than three months duration were enrolled. Two groups were created, with 50 patients in each group. The mean age in Group A was 29.08 ± 6.51 years, while in Group B, it was 29.38 ± 6.62 years. In Group A, there were 76% males and 24% females, while in Group B, there were 74% males and 26% females. Comparison of efficacy of topical betamethasone dipropionate versus topical minoxidil in patients with AA demonstrated a greater efficacy of 74% (Grade 3 and Grade 4 responses) in Group A, while in Group B, only 42% of patients showed efficacy. A statistically significant difference was found, with a P -value of 0.001. No serious side effects were noted. Conclusions Our study concluded that topical betamethasone dipropionate (0.05%) lotion has statistically significantly higher efficacy compared to topical minoxidil (5%) solution in patients with AA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Efficacy of Topical Betamethasone Dipropionate and Topical Minoxidil in Patients With Alopecia Areata

Aslam,

Awan,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…[1] It can affect people of all ages, however, the prevalence of occurring alopecia areata seems higher in children (1.92%) than in adults (1.47%). [3] The immune response, genetic and environmental factors play a very important role in the onset and progression of alopecia areata. [4,5] AA is linked with atopic diseases, and this condition's co-existence with atopic eczema and loss of function mutation of the Filaggrin gene may result in a more severe form of AA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin gene polymorphisms and alopecia areata: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Tishe,

Shawkat,

Popy

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease which results in non-scarring hair loss on the scalp or any surface with hair. Several genetic polymorphisms of the interleukin genes have been linked with this disease but the results are inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis were done to find the association between rs3118470, rs2275913, rs3212227, and rs10889677 of the IL2RA, IL17A, IL12B, and IL23R genes, respectively, of the interleukin family with alopecia areata. Methods: A comprehensive search for relevant research articles was conducted in Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Embase databases. Our search yielded 8 relevant articles with 1940 cases and 1788 controls. The odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals was calculated using fixed effect and random effect models. Heterogeneity was determined using the Q-test and I 2 test. Publication bias was determined and funnel plots were used to adjust the odds ratio. Results: We found a significant risk effect for rs3118470 of the IL2RA gene with alopecia areata in the dominant model (CC + CT vs TT; OR = 1.54, 95% confidence interval = 1.05–2.26, P < .05, I 2 = 69.03%) and homozygous model (CC vs TT; OR = 2.00, 95% confidence interval = 1.07–3.71, P < .05, I 2 = 72.84%). For the other single nucleotide polymorphisms, we could not find any statistically significant association with the disease. Conclusion: Our analysis showed that mutation of rs3118470 of IL2RA gene possesses a significant risk effect for alopecia areata. Future studies with larger sample sizes and ethnic backgrounds are warranted to confirm our findings.

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“…Alopecia areata (AA) is an immunological disorder that affects around 0.1-0.2% of people worldwide (Sibbald, 2023). AA is characterised by small patches of non-scarring hair loss, and in more severe forms leads to total hair loss on the scalp (alopecia totalis) or total hair loss of the entire body (alopecia universalis).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AA is characterised by small patches of non-scarring hair loss, and in more severe forms leads to total hair loss on the scalp (alopecia totalis) or total hair loss of the entire body (alopecia universalis). There have been recent advances in treatment for alopecia, nevertheless the full range of treatments are not yet widely available and are in any event not currently curative (Sibbald, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for social anxiety symptoms in people living with alopecia areata: a single-group case-series design

Heapy

Norman

Cockayne

et al. 2023

Behav. Cogn. Psychother.

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Background:Alopecia areata (AA) is an immunological disorder characterised by hair loss. Individuals with AA report high levels of social anxiety. One intervention that holds potential for reducing social anxiety in individuals with AA is mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT).Aims:Our key aim was to investigate whether MBCT reduces social anxiety in individuals with AA. The study also investigated whether MBCT reduces depression, general anxiety, and increases quality of life and increases trait mindfulness in individuals with AA.Method:Five participants with AA took part in an 8-session in-person MBCT intervention. A multiple-baseline single-group case series design was adopted. Idiographic measures of social anxiety were measured each day from baseline, through intervention, to follow-up. Standardised questionnaires of trait mindfulness, social anxiety, depression, anxiety, and quality of life were completed at baseline, post-intervention, and at 4-week follow-up.Results:All participants completed the MBCT course, but one participant was excluded from the idiographic analysis due to a high amount of missing data. The remaining four participants demonstrated reductions in idiographic measures of social anxiety from baseline to follow-up. These effects were larger between baseline and follow-up, than between baseline and post-intervention. Two participants demonstrated significant improvement in standardised measures of wellbeing from baseline to follow-up – they also practised mindfulness most regularly at home between sessions.Conclusion:MBCT may be effective in reducing social anxiety and improving wellbeing in individuals with AA, although this might be dependent on the extent to which participants regularly practise mindfulness exercises.

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Alopecia Areata: An Updated Review for 2023

Cited by 15 publications

References 145 publications

Comparison of Efficacy of Topical Betamethasone Dipropionate and Topical Minoxidil in Patients With Alopecia Areata

Comparison of Efficacy of Topical Betamethasone Dipropionate and Topical Minoxidil in Patients With Alopecia Areata

Interleukin gene polymorphisms and alopecia areata: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for social anxiety symptoms in people living with alopecia areata: a single-group case-series design

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