Alopecia Areata

Alopecia Areata and Associated Diseases in Saudi Patients

“…Despite the strong evidence in the literature for a statistical association between alopecia areata and organspecific autoimmune disorders such as vitiligo, diabetes mellitus, and thyroid disease [3,13,20], our findings failed to show such an association. Disease heterogeneity in terms of quantitative and qualitative differences (e.g., variance in degree of disease activity and disease extent [17] or the existence of different subsets of disease as proposed by Rook [1]) is one possible explanation for these inconsistencies [23].…”

“…Except for two female patients with diabetes mellitus, none of the remaining patients displayed clinical evidence of endocrine or autoimmune disease. Only one patient had high T 3 and T 4 values and five (5.4%) had low titers of anti-thyroid antibodies, an acceptable finding for the normal population. Alopecia areata accounts for 1 to 2% of new dermatological outpatient visits [1,2], but it remains a disease of unknown cause with unsatisfactory treatment.…”

“…Alopecia areata accounts for 1 to 2% of new dermatological outpatient visits [1,2], but it remains a disease of unknown cause with unsatisfactory treatment. Psychological and physical stress [3][4][5][6], bacterial and viral infections [7,8], as well as genetic [9], endocrine [3], and autoimmune factors [10][11][12] have been suggested as pathogenic factors. Alopecia areata is frequently found in association with a number of diseases showing alteration of autoimmunity, the most common ones being thyroid it is [13], diabetes mellitus [14], vitiligo [11], and atopic disease [15].…”

Thyroid Autoimmunity in Patients with Skin Disorders

“…Among endocrine disorders, thyroid diseases are the commonest that has been described as associated with AA, but the issued values were different. In the greatest study reported till now, Muller and Winkelmann have found the evidences of different types of thyroid disease in 8% of 736 patients in compare to less than 2% of the control population in North America [39]. Broniarczyk-Dyla et al observed abnormalities of thyroid structure and function in even 78% of AA patients [40].…”

Posible relación entre alopecia areata e infecciones por enterovirus

“…It is frequently associated with other autoimmune diseases, such as vitiligo, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Addison's disease or pernicious anaemia, and also to diseases associated with hypersensitivity, such as asthma and atopic dermatitis. [1][2][3] Up to 20% to 30% of these patients have a family history of the disease, a percentage that is even higher in early-onset cases. It has been hypothesised that these heredity factors are associated with HLA complex genes, and haplotypes that predispose individuals to the disease have been described in the literature.…”