All-reflective coupling of two optical cavities with 3-port diffraction gratings

Burmeister, O.; Britzger, M.; Thüring, A.; Friedrich, Daniel; Brückner, Frank; Danzmann, K.; Schnabel, R.

doi:10.1364/oe.18.009119

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…We then scanned the length of the power-recycling cavity and also determined the finesse of the recycling cavity. Note that in this configuration the stabilized arm cavity acted as compound cavity end mirror with reflectivity ρ c (Φ 2 = 0) [25]. The measured linewidths of the recycling cavity of FWHM PR = 5.79 MHz yielded a finesse of F PR = 52.3.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The coupling component is a dielectric low-efficiency 3-port diffraction grating. This scheme was theoretically analyzed in [25]. The 3-port grating was characterized with respect to diffraction efficiencies and losses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 3-port grating was characterized with respect to diffraction efficiencies and losses. Based on the characterization and the analysis in [25] we simulated the light powers at all three output ports of the coupled cavity system in dependence of the coupled cavity detunings. We find very good agreement between the experimental observation and our model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffractively coupled Fabry-Perot resonator with power-recycling

Britzger¹,

Friedrich²,

Kroker³

et al. 2011

Opt. Express

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We demonstrate the optical coupling of two cavities without light transmission through a substrate. As the all-reflective coupling component, we use a dielectric low-efficiency 3-port diffraction grating. In contrast to a conventional transmissive coupling component, such an all-reflective coupler avoids all thermal effects that are associated with light absorption in the substrate. An all-reflective scheme for cavity coupling is of interest in the field of gravitational wave detection. In such detectors light that is resonantly enhanced inside the so-called power-recycling cavity is coupled to (kilometre-scale) Fabry-Perot resonators representing the arms of a Michelson interferometer. We realized such an all-reflective coupling in a table-top experiment. Our findings are in qualitative agreement with the theoretical model incorporating the characteristics of the 3-port grating used, and therefore encourage the application of all-reflective cavity couplers in future gravitational wave detectors.

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Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffractively coupled Fabry-Perot resonator with power-recycling

Britzger¹,

Friedrich²,

Kroker³

et al. 2011

Opt. Express

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“…These include diffractively-coupled mirrors [81,82], the use of corner reflectors [83], or the use of waveguide (macro-structured) surfaces [84,85]. These coating-free solutions still require significant development.…”

Section: Coating-free Mirrorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Mirror Coatings for Gravitational Wave Detectors

Reid

Martin

2016

Coatings

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Abstract:The first detections of gravitational waves, GW150914 and GW151226, were associated with the coalescence of stellar mass black holes, heralding the opening of an entirely new way to observe the Universe. Many decades of development were invested to achieve the sensitivities required to observe gravitational waves, with peak strains associated with GW150914 at the level of 10 −21 . Gravitational wave detectors currently operate as modified Michelson interferometers, where thermal noise associated with the highly reflective mirror coatings sets a critical limit to the sensitivity of current and future instruments. This article presents an overview of the mirror coating development relevant to gravitational wave detection and the prospective for future developments in the field.

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“…On resonance, no carrier power is lost to the additional port because the light fields involved interfere destructively [17]. Hence, all power is reflected to the beamsplitter of the interferometer, making an optimal power-recycling possible [18,19]. Thus, second-order Littrow gratings are promising optical components for future high-power and all-reflective gravitational wave observatories beyond the 3rd observatory generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Michelson interferometer with diffractively-coupled arm resonators in second-order Littrow configuration

Britzger¹,

Wimmer²,

Khalaidovski³

et al. 2012

Opt. Express

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Michelson-type laser-interferometric gravitational-wave (GW) observatories employ very high light powers as well as transmissively-coupled Fabry-Perot arm resonators in order to realize high measurement sensitivities. Due to the absorption in the transmissive optics, high powers lead to thermal lensing and hence to thermal distortions of the laser beam profile, which sets a limit on the maximal light power employable in GW observatories. Here, we propose and realize a Michelson-type laser interferometer with arm resonators whose coupling components are all-reflective second-order Littrow gratings. In principle such gratings allow high finesse values of the resonators but avoid bulk transmission of the laser light and thus the corresponding thermal beam distortion. The gratings used have three diffraction orders, which leads to the creation of a second signal port. We theoretically analyze the signal response of the proposed topology and show that it is equivalent to a conventional Michelson-type interferometer. In our proof-of-principle experiment we generated phase-modulation signals inside the arm resonators and detected them simultaneously at the two signal ports. The sum signal was shown to be equivalent to a single-output-port Michelson interferometer with transmissively-coupled arm cavities, taking into account optical loss. The proposed and demonstrated topology is a possible approach for future all-reflective GW observatory designs.

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All-reflective coupling of two optical cavities with 3-port diffraction gratings

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Diffractively coupled Fabry-Perot resonator with power-recycling

Diffractively coupled Fabry-Perot resonator with power-recycling

Development of Mirror Coatings for Gravitational Wave Detectors

Michelson interferometer with diffractively-coupled arm resonators in second-order Littrow configuration

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