All-polymer 8×8 AWG Wavelength Router using Ultra Low Loss Polymer Optical Waveguide Material (CYTOP<sup>TM</sup>)

Takenobu, Shotaro; Kuwana, Yasuhiro; Takayama, K.; Sakane, Yoshihiko; Ono, Mitsufumi; Sato, Hideki; Keil, Norbert; Brinker, W.; Yao, H.H.; Zawadzki, C.; Morizawa, Yoshitomi; Grote, N.

doi:10.1109/ofc.2008.4528185

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…It is well known that CYTOP has a negative thermo-optic coefficient of close to -5x10 -5 /K (wavelength shift of -58pm/K); however, our initial temperature tests indicate a positive index change, Fig. 7, that can be explained by the influence of the protective buffer coating; a response of ~ +15pm/K has been noted for polymer encapsulated CYTOP [15]. We also note that CYTOP has a value of 7.4x10 -5 /K for the linear expansion coefficient in bulk volume [16].…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…This means that strong FBGs can be incorporated into polymer fiber sensing networks having lengths of 400m, assuming a 1% detection limit. The FBG strain data indicate a wavelength-to-strain response of 1.3pm/με, whereas a temperature increase resulted in a positive wavelength shift, explained by the influence of the fiber buffer coating [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Bragg Gratings in Low Loss CYTOP Polymer Optical Fiber

Lacraz

Polis

Theodosiou

et al. 2015

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

157

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Bragg Gratings in Low Loss CYTOP Polymer Optical Fiber

Lacraz

Polis

Theodosiou

et al. 2015

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

157

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“…It is well known that CYTOP has a negative thermo-optic coefficient of close to -5×10 -5 /K (wavelength shift of -58pm/K); however, our initial temperature tests indicate a positive index change, Fig. 4, that could initially be explained by the influence of the protective buffer coating; a response of ~ +15pm/K has been noted for polymer encapsulated CYTOP [14]. However, we measure a positive index change with temperature of ~ + 40pm/K, with little signs of hysteresis.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…This means that strong FBGs can be incorporated into polymer fibre sensing networks with lengths of up to 400m, if one assumes a 1% detection limit. The FBG strain data indicate a wavelength-to-strain response of ~1.3pm/με, whereas a temperature increase resulted in a positive wavelength shift [14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Bragg grating inscription in CYTOP polymer optical fibre using a femtosecond laser

Lacraz

Polis

Theodosiou

et al. 2015

Micro-Structured and Specialty Optical Fibres IV

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We report on the inscription of fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) in CYTOP (cyclic transparent optical polymer) optical fibres. A femtosecond laser beam, operating in the visible wavelength range, is focussed into the core of the fibre for direct inscription of FBGs. The fibre is moved under the focussed beam by a nanometre-resolution air-bearing stage for maximal inscription precision. The grating plane dimensions (measured with bright field microscopy) are typically 30µm × 30µm × 1µm (line by line grating) or 10µm×1µm×1µm (point by point grating) and centred in the core of the fibre for optimal grating efficiency. The FBGs have a typical reflectivity of 70%, a bandwidth of 0.25nm and an index change of ~10 -4 . The FBG operate in the C-band, where CYTOP offers key advantages over poly (methyl methacrylate) optical fibres, having a significantly lower optical loss in the important near infra-red (NIR) optical communications window, with a theoretical loss of ~0.3dB/km at 1550nm. Additionally, CYTOP has a far lower affinity for water absorption and a core mode refractive index that coincides with the aqueous index regime. These properties offer several unique opportunities for polymer optical fibre sensing at NIR wavelengths, such as compatibility with existing optical networks, the potential for optical fibre sensor multiplexing and suitability for bio-sensing. We have investigated the temperature response of the grating: a linear positive shift of ~ +40pm/K has been measured with little difference between the heating and cooling response. The strain response of the FBG has also been studied with a linear shift of ~ +1.3pm/με measured over a few hundreds of με. We also demonstrated compatibility with a commercial Bragg grating demodulator.

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“…Secondly, it is known from Eq. (1) (in which the TOC used for Cytop is −5 × 10 −5°C−1 [34]) that the relation between the refractive index of the cladding and its temperature is also linear, supposing that the change of the temperature is not too large (e.g., up to ∼100°C [35]), which is the case here as the estimated temperature changes during the experiments are ∼70°C. Thirdly, the relation between the temperature T at a certain location in the claddings and the dissipated electrical power P e can be obtained as the solution to the thermal equation [10]:…”

Section: A Mechanism and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-optic characterization of long-range surface-plasmon devices in Cytop

Fan

Berini

2013

Appl. Opt.

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Thermo-optic modulation experiments were conducted on devices constructed as Au stripes cladded with Cytop designed for a working wavelength of 1310 nm by injecting electric current through metal probes to heat the active region and to change the refractive index of the claddings. Electromigration failure was prevented by controlling the current density below a safety limit. Straight waveguides and single-output Mach-Zehnder interferometers were thermally modulated, in which mode extinction was reached by antiguiding and by destructive interference, respectively. Polymeric memory effects were observed in the operation of the devices.

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All-polymer 8×8 AWG Wavelength Router using Ultra Low Loss Polymer Optical Waveguide Material (CYTOP^TM)

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Bragg Gratings in Low Loss CYTOP Polymer Optical Fiber

Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Bragg Gratings in Low Loss CYTOP Polymer Optical Fiber

Bragg grating inscription in CYTOP polymer optical fibre using a femtosecond laser

Thermo-optic characterization of long-range surface-plasmon devices in Cytop

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All-polymer 8×8 AWG Wavelength Router using Ultra Low Loss Polymer Optical Waveguide Material (CYTOPTM)

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Bragg Gratings in Low Loss CYTOP Polymer Optical Fiber

Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Bragg Gratings in Low Loss CYTOP Polymer Optical Fiber

Bragg grating inscription in CYTOP polymer optical fibre using a femtosecond laser

Thermo-optic characterization of long-range surface-plasmon devices in Cytop

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

All-polymer 8×8 AWG Wavelength Router using Ultra Low Loss Polymer Optical Waveguide Material (CYTOP^TM)