All Night Sleep Studies in Hypothyroid Patients, Before and After Treatment<sup>1</sup>

Kales, Anthony; Heuser, G. F.; Jacobson, Ann B.; Kales, Joyce D.; Hanley, J. Richard; Zweizig, J. R.; Paulson, Morris J.

doi:10.1210/jcem-27-11-1593

Cited by 92 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The SWS reportedly returned to normal on hormone replacement therapy. [18] DISCUSSION Although all the participants slept for nearly equal period, the quality of sleep given by sleep efficiency percentage was significantly reduced in hypothyroid patients proving sleep disruption. The reduced sleep efficiency in EEG [19] and autonomic arousals secondary to apneic spells, a sign of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is further accentuated by hypothyroidism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Comparison of sleep in hypothyroid patients with normal controls

Sivaprakasam¹,

Ramamoorthy²

2017

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol

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Background: Sleep -A complex amalgam of behavioral and electrophysiological process is maintained by organized interaction between neurons, neural circuits, and neurotransmitters. Hypothyroidism is the inadequate secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism, the 2 nd common endocrine disorder, is often accompanied by complaints of daytime fatigue. This chronic fatigue should be managed as it may result in impaired attention with adverse consequences in the classroom, workplace, not to forget the highways. Aims and Objectives: The primary focus of the present study is to evaluate sleep cycle in newly diagnosed overt hypothyroid patients to investigate if this fatigue is the consequence of sleep disorder. Materials and Method: A total of 30 hypothyroid patients of both sexes underwent polysomnography to assess sleep based on bioelectric potentials -electroencephalogram, electromyogram, and electrooculogram. The results were compared with age-and sex-matched euthyroid controls. Results: Hypothyroid patients showed significant changes in sleep stages when compared with normal euthyroid controls. Although their total sleep time was not significantly altered, Stage I and Stage II sleep was significantly increased (P < 0.001) while deep sleep and rapid eye movement sleep were reduced. Conclusion: This research proves that early diagnosis of hypothyroidism and management guarantees an improvement in sleep quality and productivity in life.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Comparison of sleep in hypothyroid patients with normal controls

Sivaprakasam¹,

Ramamoorthy²

2017

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol

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“…Thyroid function also affects SWS, with hyperthyroidism resulting in SWS and sleep-hGH increases (Dunleavy, Oswald, Brown, & Strong, 1974) and hypothyroidism leading to SWS decreases (Kales, Heuser, Jacobson, Kales, Hanley, Zweizig, & Paulson, 1967). However, thyroid activity and SWS levels were not correlated in a group of healthy subjects exhibiting wide ranges of both parameters (Johns & Rinsler, 1977).…”

Section: Restitution and Sleep 119mentioning

confidence: 93%

Restitution and human sleep: A critical review

Horne

1979

Psychobiology

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It is often assumed that human non-REM sleep, especially its apparently more intense form of slow-wave sleep (SWS), is associated with large increases in body restitutional processes, for example, protein synthesis. However, findings from total sleep deprivation appear only to support a brain restitutional role for human sleep and not one of body restitution. Although rises in human growth hormone (hGH) release during SWS might support a body restitutional role, the variety of complex actions of hGH indicate that other effects, particularly the redistribution of energy substrates, are likely. Sleep hGH release may be a misleading factor in the understanding of SWS function. Increases in protein synthesis during human sleep are unlikely for several reasons. The elevation of mitosis which can occur in sleep is probably a concomitant phenomenon. While relaxed wakefulness should provide for man's body restitutional need, the lack of such a relaxed state in certain mammals may necessitate that sleep fulfills this need for these animals. Although REM sleep, alone, is generally considered to be for cerebral restitution, evidence in support of this viewpoint needs qualification. It is argued that non-REM sleep, especially SWS, is of equal benefit to the human brain.Among sleep researchers, the opinion is generally held that sleep is a state of enforced rest and energy conservation, wherein both body and brain can recover from the wear and tear of wakefulness. Ostensibly, non-REM (nondreaming) sleep is considered to be oriented towards promotion of the synthetic processes of growth and repair in the body, and REM (dreaming) sleep is believed to be directed towards increases in synthetic processes within the brain, including the consolidation of memory. The purpose of this review is to appraise these assumptions for the functions of sleep, with particular regard to man.

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“…Disturbances of sleep during thyroid dysfunction might account for some of the problems delineated above, as the different sleep stages are necessary for memory consolidation (82,83). Sleep fragmentation in hypothyroids is not necessarily caused by nocturnal breathing disorders (sleep apnea) (84,85).…”

Section: Cognitive Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1D and 2A). Prolonged recovery phases for the reversal of several of the symptoms accompanying hypothyroidism have been described (20,84,(203)(204)(205) and subjective improvements of well-being, quantified with a "Quality of life-Thyroid scale" were found only after four weeks compared to one week of thyroid hormone replacement (38).…”

Section: Influences Of Thyroid Hormone On Action Potentials and Undermentioning

confidence: 99%