Alkenone distributions in the North Atlantic and Nordic sea surface waters

Sicre, Marie‐Alexandrine; Bard, Édouard; Ezat, Ullah; Rostek, Frauke

doi:10.1029/2001gc000159

Cited by 74 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In fact, the alkenone distributions in Qinghai are more similar to those from northern high-latitude oceans than to those in lakes (Figure 2). %C 37:4 in Lake Qinghai varies between 15-45%, similar to the range found in the Nordic Sea [Sicre et al, 2002].…”

Section: Alkenone Distribution In Lake Qinghaimentioning

confidence: 53%

“…In ocean and other lakes, U 37 k 0 is negatively correlated with %C 37:4 [Sicre et al, 2002;Thiel et al, 1997;Zink et al, 2001] However, in Lake Qinghai, U 37 k 0 is positively correlated with %C 37:4 . In other words, the relative importance of C 37:4 to C 37:3 increases or decreases Figure 1.…”

Section: Alkenone Distribution In Lake Qinghaimentioning

confidence: 76%

“…At 2000 -3500 yr BP, %C 37:4 values were consistently within 15-20%. We applied three salinity-%C 37:4 relations [Harada et al, 2003;Rosell-Mele, 1998;Sicre et al, 2002], based on field studies from northern high latitude oceans, to our %C 37:4 record. These three calibrations yield up to 3.5, 0.75 and 2.75 psu of salinity changes respectively in Lake Qinghai during the late Holocene.…”

Section: Salinity Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to temperature dependence, the percentage of C 37:4 (%C 37:4 = [C 37:4 ]/([C 37:2 ] + [C 37:3 ] + [C 37:4 ])) has recently been proposed as an indicator of salinity changes, since alkenone producers tend to produce more C 37:4 in cold and low salinity regions [Rosell-Mele, 1998]. This index has been successfully applied to studies of salinity variations in certain oceanic regions [Harada et al, 2003;Rosell-Mele, 1998;Seki et al, 2005;Sicre et al, 2002].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alkenone‐based reconstruction of late‐Holocene surface temperature and salinity changes in Lake Qinghai, China

Liu

Henderson

Huang

2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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Liu, Z.H., Henderson, A.C.G., Huang, Y.S. (2006). Alkenone-based reconstruction of late-Holocene surface temperature and salinity changes in Lake Qinghai, China (vol 33, art no L09707, 2006). Geophysical Research Letters, 33 Sponsorship: NSF grants to Y.H. (ESH-0318050 and OPP-0520718).Few proxies can provide quantitative reconstructions of past continental climatic and hydrological changes. Here, we report the first alkenone-based reconstruction of late Holocene temperature and salinity changes in Lake Qinghai, China. The alkenone-temperature proxy (Uk0 37) indicates up to a 1 C change in mean annual air temperature or a 2 C change in summer lake water temperature during the late Holocene. Oscillating warm and cold periods could be related to the 20th century warm period, the Little Ice Age, the Medieval Warm Period, the Dark Ages Cold Period, and the Roman Warm Period. The relative importance of C37:4 alkenone to total C37 alkenone production (%C37:4) fluctuated between 15?45%, with higher values during warm periods, suggesting that lake water was also fresher during these periods. The coupled late Holocene surface temperature and salinity changes suggest that Asian monsoons strongly influenced the climate of the Lake Qinghai region.Peer reviewe

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Section: Alkenone Distribution In Lake Qinghaimentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Alkenone Distribution In Lake Qinghaimentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Salinity Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alkenone‐based reconstruction of late‐Holocene surface temperature and salinity changes in Lake Qinghai, China

Liu

Henderson

Huang

2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…[12] Modern calibration exercises have demonstrated that high %C 37:4 values in both particulate organic matter and surface sediments are associated with low-temperature and low-salinity surface water masses of the Arctic and Polar Water domains [Bendle and Rosell-Melé, 2004;Bendle et al, 2005;Harada et al, 2006;Sicre et al, 2002]. Thus, %C 37:4 in sediments exceeds 5% below Arctic Atlantic Waters (north of the Arctic Front, delineated using the 35 p.s.u.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Alkenone Proxy Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of subarctic water masses in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans and implications for mid‐Pleistocene ice sheet growth

et al. 2008

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[1] Past surface ocean circulation changes associated with the mid-Pleistocene transition, 0.9-0.6 Ma, were reconstructed in the northern North Atlantic (ODP 983) and the northwest Pacific (ODP 882), using proxies for subarctic/subpolar water mass distributions (%C 37:4 alkenone) and sea surface temperature (U 37 K ). Both sites experienced a secular expansion of subarctic waters from $1.15 Ma, spanning both glacial and interglacial intervals. After 0.9 Ma, low %C 37:4 at Site 983 records a northward retreat of subarctic waters during interglacials in the Atlantic, while continued high glacial %C 37:4 indicate extensive subarctic waters during glacial maxima associated with the development of the larger late Pleistocene ice sheets. In contrast, a secular decline in %C 37:4 occurred at Site 882 from 0.9 to 0.5 Ma, marking a more gradual retreat of subarctic conditions in the Pacific. It is proposed that the expansion of subarctic waters between 1.15 and 0.9 Ma exerted negative feedbacks to the moisture supply to the ice sheet source regions and may account for the apparent delayed ice sheet response to atmosphere-ocean circulation changes associated with the mid-Pleistocene transition that began as early as 1.2 Ma.

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Alkenone paleothermometry in the North Atlantic: A review and synthesis of surface sediment data and calibrations

Filippova

Kienast

Schneider

2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Despite a clear correlation of alkenone unsaturation and sea surface temperatures (SST) throughout most parts of the ocean, scatter of the regression for various calibration equations has been shown to increase significantly at low SSTs. In this study, we combine previously published (n 5 101) and new (n 5 51) surface sediment data from the northern North Atlantic to constrain uncertainties of alkenone paleothermometry at low SSTs and to discuss possible sources of the increased scatter in the regression. The correlation between alkenone unsaturation and SSTs is strongest, in particular at the cold end (SSTs < 108C), when the tetra-unsaturated alkenones (C 37:4 ) are included in the unsaturation index (expressed as U K 37 ) and regressed against spring-summer temperature. Surface ocean salinity and sea ice cover are not correlated with U K 37 per se. However, samples located in regions of permanent winter sea ice cover exhibit a significant warm bias. Deviation from the linear regression is posited to be related to a number of additional non-exclusive factors, such as advection of allochthonous material, local temperature stratification, and uncertainty in the absolute age of surface sediment samples assumed to be equivalent to modern conditions. We conclude that alkenone unsaturation allows accurate reconstruction of SST records from many regions of the North Atlantic if the factors confounding alkenone paleothermometry detailed here can be excluded.

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Alkenone distributions in the North Atlantic and Nordic sea surface waters

Abstract: [1] The C 37 -C 39 alkenones were quantified in suspended particulate matter obtained from the surface waters of the North Atlantic, including the Nordic seas, over a temperature range of 4°-20°C.

Cited by 74 publications

References 34 publications

Alkenone‐based reconstruction of late‐Holocene surface temperature and salinity changes in Lake Qinghai, China

Alkenone‐based reconstruction of late‐Holocene surface temperature and salinity changes in Lake Qinghai, China

Expansion of subarctic water masses in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans and implications for mid‐Pleistocene ice sheet growth

Alkenone paleothermometry in the North Atlantic: A review and synthesis of surface sediment data and calibrations

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