Alkaline chemical keratitis: Eye injury from airbags

Smally, Alan Jon; Binzer, Andrea; Dolin, Scott L.; Viano, David C.

doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81911-0

Cited by 77 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…[17][18][19] The eye seems to be particularly vulnerable to injury, especially if spectacles are worn 20 : injuries include orbital fractures, 21 retinal detachment, 22 and lens rupture. 23 The chemicals involved in inflating the bag have been implicated in eye injury, 24 as have the cover components. 25 Front seated children are also at risk of eye injury.…”

Section: Head and Neckmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries associated with airbag deployment

Wallis

2002

Emergency Medicine Journal

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Section: Head and Neckmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries associated with airbag deployment

Wallis

2002

Emergency Medicine Journal

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“…The airbag is inflated by the oxidation of a sodium azide pellet. The reaction produces a highly corrosive alkaline aerosol consisting of sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate that can percolate through the vents of the airbag [1,2]. Alkaline eye injuries secondary to airbag deployment are rare but should be a recognized complication by general medical staff.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airbag-induced chemical eye injury

Subash

Manzouri

Wilkins

2010

European Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Chemical injuries of the eye are a rare complication of airbag deployment and result from seepage of the chemical, causing inflation through vents in the airbag. We describe a severe case of bilateral alkali eye injury upon airbag contact in a road traffic accident. Delayed recognition and irrigation of the eyes exacerbated the injury with a resultant poor healing response of the left eye. Consequently, a left amniotic membrane graft was performed to promote corneal epithelial healing. The use of an amniotic membrane graft in the acute period after a chemical keratitis is unusual and reflects the severity of the corneal injuries sustained by this patient. This case illustrates the vision-threatening risk of alkali keratitis secondary to airbag deployment and highlights the importance of early recognition and management.

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“…The magnitude of are attributed directly to the airbag itself [4]. Of these the pressure exerted on to the volunteers by the injuries, 42 per cent occur to the upper extremities airbag was determined using an instrumented leg [5-8], 41 per cent occur to the face [9][10][11][12][13][14], 3 per cent form placed in the same position as the volunteer's occur to the neck [15][16][17], 11 per cent occur to the leg to ensure that they would be exposed to similar chest and abdomen [18], and 2 per cent occur to pressures. The response time of the load cells used the lower extremities [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new methodology for investigating airbag-induced skin abrasions

Hurst

Cormier

Stitzel

et al. 2005

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Although airbags have been shown to reduce the incidence of life-threatening injuries, they have increased the risk of minor injuries such as those to the skin. Based on the distribution of injuries that can be directly attributed to the airbag itself, it is believed that shear loading exists as a mechanism for these skin injuries. The purpose of this study was to develop a new methodology designed to assess the injury potential from different types of airbag with respect to shear loading. This new methodology utilized a high-speed impactor to accelerate the airbag fabric past a sample of skin. Contact normal forces were monitored by the use of pressure sensors, and fabric velocity was determined from a high-speed video. The abraded skin samples were analysed using light microscopic analysis and ultraviolet light source photography. A new abrasion rating method was developed called the total abrasion score, which allows for quantifiable differentiation between the abrasions caused by different airbag fabric and seam types.

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Alkaline chemical keratitis: Eye injury from airbags

Cited by 77 publications

References 5 publications

Injuries associated with airbag deployment

Injuries associated with airbag deployment

Airbag-induced chemical eye injury

A new methodology for investigating airbag-induced skin abrasions

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