Algae-Based Bioremediation

Ravishankar, G. A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802830-8.00018-6

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…Due to their versatile metabolic system, heterotrophic oleaginous red yeasts are capable of performing simultaneous co-production of lipids, β-glucans [20], carotenoid pigments [21], and proteins and lipids [22]. Furthermore, autotrophic microalgae are capable of performing simultaneous co-production of pigments, PUFA, β-glucans, and other bio-polymers [16]. Thus, red yeast biomass as well as microalgae biomass could be used as a high-value multifunctional biomass directly in feed and food nutrition, pharmacy, and medicine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioreactor Co-Cultivation of High Lipid and Carotenoid Producing Yeast Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Several Microalgae under Stress

Szotkowski¹,

Holub²,

Šimanský³

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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The co-cultivation of red yeasts and microalgae works with the idea of the natural transport of gases. The microalgae produce oxygen, which stimulates yeast growth, while CO2 produced by yeast is beneficial for algae growth. Both microorganisms can then produce lipids. The present pilot study aimed to evaluate the ability of selected microalgae and carotenogenic yeast strains to grow and metabolize in co-culture. The effect of media composition on growth and metabolic activity of red yeast strains was assessed simultaneously with microalgae mixotrophy. Cultivation was transferred from small-scale co-cultivation in Erlenmeyer flasks to aerated bottles with different inoculation ratios and, finally, to a 3L bioreactor. Among red yeasts, the strain R. kratochvilovae CCY 20-2-26 was selected because of the highest biomass production on BBM medium. Glycerol is a more suitable carbon source in the BBM medium and urea was proposed as a compromise. From the tested microalgae, Desmodesmus sp. were found as the most suitable for co-cultivations with R. kratochvilovae. In all co-cultures, linear biomass growth was found (144 h), and the yield was in the range of 8.78–11.12 g/L of dry biomass. Lipids increased to a final value of 29.62–31.61%. The FA profile was quite stable with the UFA portion at about 80%. Around 1.98–2.49 mg/g CDW of carotenoids with torularhodine as the major pigment were produced, ubiquinone production reached 5.41–6.09 mg/g, and ergosterol yield was 6.69 mg/g. Chlorophyll production was very low at 2.11 mg/g. Pilot experiments have confirmed that carotenogenic yeasts and microalgae are capable of symbiotic co-existence with a positive impact om biomass growth and lipid metabolites yields.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enormous chemical diversity of their biomass is of great importance to the nutraceutical industry and pharmacy. Essential metabolites such as carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PU-FAs) can be obtained from microalgae biomass [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioreactor Co-Cultivation of High Lipid and Carotenoid Producing Yeast Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Several Microalgae under Stress

Szotkowski¹,

Holub²,

Šimanský³

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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“…O processo ocorre em duas etapas: a primeira etapa é a adsorção do metal em direção às células, que é feita de maneira rápida e acompanhada pelos mecanismos de interação eletrostática, troca iônica, complexação de superfície, processo redox e precipitação, enquanto que a segunda etapa acontece de uma forma irreversível e lenta que inclui o transporte dos metais no interior das células por transporte ativo [29,30], conforme o metabolismo celular [31]. Os íons metálicos após entrarem no interior das células podem ser imobilizados em uma organela (vacúolo) ou se ligarem internamente a compostos intracelulares, como os polissacarídeos [32].…”

Section: Bioacumulação De Metais E Compostos Orgânicosunclassified

Biossorção: uma revisão sobre métodos alternativos promissores no tratamento de águas residuais

Ribas

Silva

2022

Matéria (Rio J.)

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RESUMO Métodos convencionais de tratamento de águas residuais apresentam determinadas limitações, como a baixa remoção de poluentes orgânicos refratários, necessidade de grandes áreas de instalação e os elevados custos para implementação e operação. Assim, processos alternativos vêm sendo aplicados para o tratamento de água residuais, como a adsorção, pela sua versatilidade e a possibilidade de utilização de materiais alternativos (biossorventes). O processo de biossorção é considerado uma alternativa biotecnológica para o tratamento de águas residuais, por meio da utilização dos biossorventes, como resíduos agroindustriais. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter exploratória e qualitativa, relacionando a aplicação do processo de biossorção na remoção de contaminantes em águas residuais. Assim, a maioria das biomassas vivas e mortas demonstraram ótimos resultados na captação de poluentes em meio aquoso, sendo promissoras no tratamento de águas residuais industriais. Além disso, resíduos agroindustriais que se acumulam por não apresentarem o correto gerenciamento, também foram testados para metais pesados e em sua maioria tiveram bom desempenho de capacidade biossortiva. A biomassa de natureza microbial apresentou menores valores de capacidade adsortiva para a remoção de poluentes, já que foi necessário o controle de nutrientes e das variáveis necessárias à sobrevivência das células. É importante destacar a maior complexidade de remoção dos compostos orgânicos, visto que apresentam em suas estruturas química grupos funcionais específico de natureza iônica diferente, dificultando a interação entre biossorvente e poluente orgânico. Por conseguinte, foi possível identificar a versatilidade do processo de biossorção, bem como a possibilidade de utilização de materiais alternativos.

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“…Some algae utilize the nutrients as part of their metabolic processes, accumulating biomass and creating a biological "micro-sink" for carbon, P, N, and micronutrients. Algal cultures are relatively inexpensive, easy to maintain, and can be harvested for a multitude of uses including biofuel generation, biochar production, and reapplication as a soil amendment (Vidyashankar and Ravishankar, 2016). Although these characteristics make algae a prime remediator, harvesting planktonic cells or desorbing them from biofilter substrates can be complicated and add an expense to an otherwise economically feasible system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorous remediation using alginate/glomalin biobeads: Examining structural cohesivity, nutrient retention, and reapplication viability

Percivall

Amgain²,

Inglett³

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Excess nutrient loading from agriculture and urban runoff into limnetic and marine ecosystems is associated with harmful algal blooms that result in eutrophication. Sequestration of nutrients such as phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) from agricultural outflows and recycling them as soil amendments would be an environmentally and economically sustainable strategy to alleviate this problem. This study explored the use of biobeads constructed with phytoplankton, Chlorella vulgaris, alginate and glomalin as a possible medium for a cyclic culture-harvest-reapply (CHR) system to address the problem of eutrophication. These “biobeads” were constructed from different concentrations of sodium alginate, C. vulgaris, and glomalin. Bead vitality was evaluated by introducing C. vulgaris to both eutrophic (phosphate ∼1.5 ppm) and hypereutrophic (phosphate ∼4.0 ppm) solutions and measuring phosphate removal. After 9 days in the eutrophic solution, biologically active groups reduced orthophosphate concentrations by an average of 1.35 ppm (80%). In the hypereutrophic solution, an average of 1.52 ppm total phosphate removal (38%) was observed over 5 weeks. The addition of glomalin in high concentrations increased the structural cohesivity of the hydrogel matrix, while low concentrations had an inverse effect. Reapplication of these biobeads to topsoil did not reduce plant growth or plant health parameters. These data suggest that glomalin, in appropriate proportions, is a suitable secondary scaffolding for a sodium alginate hydrogel immobilization medium. The alginate beads of immobilized C. vulgaris could be a promising treatment technique for phosphorus-containing urban wastewater. Further research is warranted to assess long-term impacts on nutrient dispersal and soil quality upon reapplication.

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Algae-Based Bioremediation

Cited by 17 publications

References 167 publications

Bioreactor Co-Cultivation of High Lipid and Carotenoid Producing Yeast Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Several Microalgae under Stress

Bioreactor Co-Cultivation of High Lipid and Carotenoid Producing Yeast Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Several Microalgae under Stress

Biossorção: uma revisão sobre métodos alternativos promissores no tratamento de águas residuais

Phosphorous remediation using alginate/glomalin biobeads: Examining structural cohesivity, nutrient retention, and reapplication viability

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