Alcohols, Aliphatic

Abstract

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Saturated Alcohols 2.1. Physical Properties 2.2. Chemical Properties 2.3. Production 2.3.1. Synthesis from Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen 2.3.2. Oxo Synthesis 2.3.3. Hydrogenation of Aldehydes, Carboxylic Acids, and Esters 2.3.4. Aldol Condensation of Lower Aldehydes and Hydrogenation of the Alkenals 2.3.5. Oxidation of Trialkylaluminum Compounds 2.3.6. Oxidation of Saturated Hydrocarbons 2.3.7. Hydration of Olefins 2.3.8. Homologation of Alcohols 2.3.9. Reppe Process 2.3.10. Hydrocarboxymethylation 2.3.11. Fermentation 2.3.12. Guerbet Alcohols 2.3.13. Other Processes 2.4. Individual Alcohols 2.4.1. C 6 Alcohols 2.4.2. C 7 Alcohols 2.4.3. C 8 Alcohols 2.4.4. C 9 Alcohols 2.4.5. C 10 Alcohols 2.4.6. Mixtures of Linear C 12 ‐C 18 Alcohols (Detergent Alcohols) 2.4.7. C 13 ‐C 18 Isoalcohols 2.5. Economic Aspects 2.6. Quality Specifications 2.7. Storage and Transportation 3. Unsaturated Alcohols 4. Alkoxides 4.1. Properties 4.2. Preparation 4.3. Uses 5. Toxicology

Silver-Catalyzed Carboxylative Cyclization of Primary Propargyl Alcohols with CO 2

“…Simultaneously, we were also interested in the synthesis of unique and easily accessible bis-exovinylene carbonates which could potentially serve as monomers for materials. Propargyl alcohol ( 1 ) and its derivatives such as 1,4-butynediol are produced industrially on a multithousand-ton scale by reacting acetylene with formaldehyde …”

Silver-Catalyzed Carboxylative Cyclization of Primary Propargyl Alcohols with CO 2

“…Simultaneously, we were also interested in the synthesis of unique and easily accessible bis-exovinylene carbonates which could potentially serve as monomers for materials. Propargyl alcohol ( 1 ) and its derivatives such as 1,4-butynediol are produced industrially on a multithousand-ton scale by reacting acetylene with formaldehyde …”

Greening Pathways for Synthetic Talc Production Based on the Supercritical Hydrothermal Flow Process

“…Classification and characterization of life cycle inventory items was carried out for the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) method and indicator of cumulative energy demand (CED) using OpenLCA v1.10.2 software. Principle inventory data for the supercritical hydrothermal flow synthesis process were collected in-house, and foreground data were obtained from stoichiometric calculations depending on technical information available in the literature. , Modeling of background materials and processes was carried out using Ecoinvent v3.6 considering average market data sets corresponding to cutoff allocation. Energy and wastewater are modeled for geographical context of Europe.…”

Undirected, Homogeneous C–H Bond Functionalization: Challenges and Opportunities

“…Unfortunately, the terminal positions of an alkane are often the sites at which the functional groups are most desired for commodity chemicals. For example, plasticizer and detergent alcohols contain a hydroxyl group at the end of an alkyl chain; diols or diamines for polymerization contain two hydroxyl or amino groups at either end of the alkyl chain. , Fortunately, alkyl C–H bonds in more functionalized molecules are not equally reactive, and useful properties of these molecules do not require the functionalization of a primary C–H bond. Indeed, many reagents and catalysts are known that react with potentially useful selectivities for one C–H bond over another.…”

Silver-Catalyzed Carboxylative Cyclization of Primary Propargyl Alcohols with CO 2

“…Simultaneously, we were also interested in the synthesis of unique and easily accessible bis-exovinylene carbonates which could potentially serve as monomers for materials. Propargyl alcohol ( 1 ) and its derivatives such as 1,4-butynediol are produced industrially on a multithousand-ton scale by reacting acetylene with formaldehyde …”

Greening Pathways for Synthetic Talc Production Based on the Supercritical Hydrothermal Flow Process

“…Classification and characterization of life cycle inventory items was carried out for the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) method and indicator of cumulative energy demand (CED) using OpenLCA v1.10.2 software. Principle inventory data for the supercritical hydrothermal flow synthesis process were collected in-house, and foreground data were obtained from stoichiometric calculations depending on technical information available in the literature. , Modeling of background materials and processes was carried out using Ecoinvent v3.6 considering average market data sets corresponding to cutoff allocation. Energy and wastewater are modeled for geographical context of Europe.…”

Undirected, Homogeneous C–H Bond Functionalization: Challenges and Opportunities

“…Unfortunately, the terminal positions of an alkane are often the sites at which the functional groups are most desired for commodity chemicals. For example, plasticizer and detergent alcohols contain a hydroxyl group at the end of an alkyl chain; diols or diamines for polymerization contain two hydroxyl or amino groups at either end of the alkyl chain. , Fortunately, alkyl C–H bonds in more functionalized molecules are not equally reactive, and useful properties of these molecules do not require the functionalization of a primary C–H bond. Indeed, many reagents and catalysts are known that react with potentially useful selectivities for one C–H bond over another.…”

Silver-Catalyzed Carboxylative Cyclization of Primary Propargyl Alcohols with CO 2

“…Simultaneously, we were also interested in the synthesis of unique and easily accessible bis-exovinylene carbonates which could potentially serve as monomers for materials. Propargyl alcohol ( 1 ) and its derivatives such as 1,4-butynediol are produced industrially on a multithousand-ton scale by reacting acetylene with formaldehyde …”

Greening Pathways for Synthetic Talc Production Based on the Supercritical Hydrothermal Flow Process

“…Classification and characterization of life cycle inventory items was carried out for the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) method and indicator of cumulative energy demand (CED) using OpenLCA v1.10.2 software. Principle inventory data for the supercritical hydrothermal flow synthesis process were collected in-house, and foreground data were obtained from stoichiometric calculations depending on technical information available in the literature. , Modeling of background materials and processes was carried out using Ecoinvent v3.6 considering average market data sets corresponding to cutoff allocation. Energy and wastewater are modeled for geographical context of Europe.…”

Undirected, Homogeneous C–H Bond Functionalization: Challenges and Opportunities

“…Unfortunately, the terminal positions of an alkane are often the sites at which the functional groups are most desired for commodity chemicals. For example, plasticizer and detergent alcohols contain a hydroxyl group at the end of an alkyl chain; diols or diamines for polymerization contain two hydroxyl or amino groups at either end of the alkyl chain. , Fortunately, alkyl C–H bonds in more functionalized molecules are not equally reactive, and useful properties of these molecules do not require the functionalization of a primary C–H bond. Indeed, many reagents and catalysts are known that react with potentially useful selectivities for one C–H bond over another.…”