Air Sampling and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds with Solid Phase Microextraction

Kozieł, Jacek A.; Pawliszyn, Janusz

doi:10.1080/10473289.2001.10464263

Cited by 122 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…These methods require costly equipment, lengthy sample collection and preparation periods, and complicated extraction procedures. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) offers many advantages for air sampling, such as high precision and sensitivity, applicability to high-moisture samples, reusability, and compatibility with conventional analytical equipment (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). SPME has been used successfully in field air sampling of various types of agricultural operations (16,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Sampling and Analysis Method for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Related to Field-Scale Mortality Composting Operations

Akdeniz

Kozieł

Ahn

et al. 2009

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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In biosecure composting, animal mortalities are so completely isolated during the degradation process that visual inspection cannot be used to monitor progress or the process status. One novel approach is to monitor the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by decaying mortalities and to use them as biomarkers of the process status. A new method was developed to quantitatively analyze potential biomarkers-dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, pyrimidine, acetic acid, propanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, pentanoic acid, and hexanoic acid-from field-scale biosecure mortality composting units. This method was based on collection of air samples from the inside of biosecure composting units using portable pumps and solid phase microextraction (SPME). Among four SPME fiber coatings, 85 μm CAR/PDMS was shown to extract the greatest amount of target analytes during a 1 h sampling time. The calibration curves had high correlation coefficients, ranging from 96 to 99%. Differences between the theoretical concentrations and those estimated from the calibration curves ranged from 1.47 to 20.96%. Method detection limits of the biomarkers were between 11 pptv and 572 ppbv. The applicability of the prepared calibration curves was tested for air samples drawn from field-scale swine mortality composting test units. Results show that the prepared calibration curves were applicable to the concentration ranges of potential biomaker compounds in a biosecure animal mortality composting unit. KeywordsAir sampling, compost gas, GC-MS, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, SPME, volatile fatty acids In biosecure composting, animal mortalities are so completely isolated during the degradation process that visual inspection cannot be used to monitor progress or the process status. One novel approach is to monitor the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by decaying mortalities and to use them as biomarkers of the process status. A new method was developed to quantitatively analyze potential biomarkers;dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, pyrimidine, acetic acid, propanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, pentanoic acid, and hexanoic acid;from field-scale biosecure mortality composting units. This method was based on collection of air samples from the inside of biosecure composting units using portable pumps and solid phase microextraction (SPME). Among four SPME fiber coatings, 85 μm CAR/PDMS was shown to extract the greatest amount of target analytes during a 1 h sampling time. The calibration curves had high correlation coefficients, ranging from 96 to 99%. Differences between the theoretical concentrations and those estimated from the calibration curves ranged from 1.47 to 20.96%. Method detection limits of the biomarkers were between 11 pptv and 572 ppbv. The applicability of the prepared calibration curves was tested for air samples drawn from field-scale swine mortality composting test units. Results show that the prepared calibration curves were applicable to the concentration ranges of potential biomaker...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Sampling and Analysis Method for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Related to Field-Scale Mortality Composting Operations

Akdeniz

Kozieł

Ahn

et al. 2009

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is accurate, sensitive and could serve as a powerful alternative to conventional methods 16 . Formaldehyde in beer was analysed using SPME with on-fiber o- (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl) hydroxylamine (PFBHA) derivatization and GC/MS 18,23 .…”

Section: Formaldehyde Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into Benzene, Trihalomethanes and Formaldehyde in Chinese Lager Beers

Qian-jun

Lin

Fan³

et al. 2006

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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Beers brewed commercially in China have been surveyed for the presence of a number of potential contaminants, including benzene, trihalomethanes and formaldehyde. Of 84 beers only 6 contained detectable benzene, at concentrations ranging from 1.9 to 7.1 μg/L (mean of 4.0 μg/L). Further investigations suggested that the source of the benzene could be the carbon dioxide used for carbonation. Trihalomethanes were measured in 107 beers (consisting of 27 Chinese brands) by headspace gas chromatograph with average and maximum concentrations of 1.2 μg/L and 5.2 μg/L respectively. Total trihalomethanes were also measured in water samples from different brewing sites. Concentrations varied from 2.7–46.9 μg/L, except for one sample which contained 79.3 μg/L. Formaldehyde was measured in 29 beers (including 7 imported brands) using solid‐phase microextraction with on‐fiber derivatization. Formaldehyde levels were between 0.082‐0.356 mg/L. None of the beer samples exceeded WHO drinking water criteria for benzene, trihalomethanes or formaldehyde.

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“…SPME) (Pawliszyn, 1997;Pawliszyn, 1995 Chai andTang, 1997;Koziel and Pawliszyn, 2001; Koziel et al, 2006) utilizing a 1 cm Carboxen modified PDMS -85 µm fiber was the headspace sampling technique which was utilized for the initial, Phase I efforts. SPME collections were carried out by direct fiber exposure at-distance and downwind of the combined CBIA and utilized variations in exposure time for cross-comparison purposes.…”

Section: Spme Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carthage Bottoms Area Odor Study: A Missouri Test Case for Odorant Prioritization as a Prelude to Instrument Based Downwind Odor Monitoring Protocol Development

Wright¹,

Wright²,

Iwasinska³

et al. 2008

2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008

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Past experience with crisis-driven odor investigations has shown that there is an odor impact priority ranking which is definable for virtually every malodor issue; whether from natural or synthetic source. An accurate definition of such odorant priority ranking is, in turn, critical to the development of accurate and objective instrument-based methods for odor assessment and monitoring relative to that source. This paper reports on the results-to-date relative to the Carthage Bottoms Area Odor Study; a test case undertaken by the Missouri DNR to evaluate the concept of odorant prioritization by MDGC-MS-Olfactometry. The ultimate goal of this study was to explore the utility of odorant prioritization as a first step toward the translation of sensory-only odor monitoring protocols to sensory-directed but instrument based alternatives. The Carthage Bottoms Area was selected by the Missouri DNR for this exploratory effort based upon a number of factors: including; (1) an intermittent but long-standing unresolved odor issue with respect to downwind citizenry; (2) a uniquely complex, diverse and densely co-located source industry mix within the combined Bottoms Area; (3) limited past success in point-source differentiation utilizing sensory-only protocols and (4) a past history of cooperation between citizenry, community officials, industry leaders and regulatory agencies in the exploration and implementation of technologies targeting enhanced mutually beneficial co-existance. MDGC-MS-O odorant profile and prioritization results are presented for SPME collections taken near and at-distance downwind as well as reference upwind with respect to the combined Bottoms Area.Keywords malodor analysis, agricultural odor, downwind odor, GC-Olfactometry, GC-O, solid phase microextraction, SPME, multidimensional gas chromatography, MDGC, process odor, rendering odor

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Air Sampling and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds with Solid Phase Microextraction

Abstract: Solid phase microextraction (SPME) presents many advantages over conventional analytical methods by combining sampling, preconcentration, and direct transfer of

Cited by 122 publications

References 13 publications

Air Sampling and Analysis Method for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Related to Field-Scale Mortality Composting Operations

Air Sampling and Analysis Method for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Related to Field-Scale Mortality Composting Operations

Investigation into Benzene, Trihalomethanes and Formaldehyde in Chinese Lager Beers

Carthage Bottoms Area Odor Study: A Missouri Test Case for Odorant Prioritization as a Prelude to Instrument Based Downwind Odor Monitoring Protocol Development

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