Air pollution exposure during critical time periods in gestation and alterations in cord blood lymphocyte distribution: a cohort of livebirths

Herr, Caroline; Dostál, Miroslav; Ghosh, Rakesh; Ashwood, Paul; Lipsett, Michael; Pinkerton, Kent E.; Šrám, Radìm J.; Hertz‐Picciotto, Irva

doi:10.1186/1476-069x-9-46

Cited by 72 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Overall, the findings of the studies examined in this review support the idea that there are one or more critical windows of allergic and immunologic development in utero and during infancy (30, 36, 45). If climate change conditions – including higher temperatures, higher carbon dioxide concentrations, more intense periods of precipitation, and changes in humidity – lead to higher concentrations, altered timing, or increased allergenicity of ambient outdoor pollen and mold, the prevalence of sensitization or even of allergic symptoms in children could change.…”

Section: Linking Climate Change Aeroallergens and Pediatric Diseasesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The development of the immune system is a lengthy and complex process and exposure to potential allergens could have various impacts at different stages of development (35). One recent study on air pollution supports this concept of windows of vulnerability in humans by showing association of exposure by two air pollutants, particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in early and late gestation with lymphocyte cell distribution (36). …”

Section: Pediatric Allergic Disease and Aeroallergensmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Climate Change, Aeroallergens, and Pediatric Allergic Disease

Sheffield

Weinberger

Kinney

2011

Mount Sinai J Medicine

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The degree to which aeroallergens are contributing to the global increase in pediatric allergic disease is incompletely understood. We review the evidence that links climate change to changes in aeroallergens such as pollen and outdoor mold concentrations and subsequently, aeroallergen association with pediatric allergic disease. We specifically explore the evidence on both the exacerbation and the development of allergic disease in children related to outdoor pollen and mold concentrations. Pediatric allergic diseases include atopic dermatitis or eczema, allergic rhinitis or hay fever, and some types of asthma in children, typically defined as less than 18 years of age. We discuss how the timing of aeroallergen exposure both in utero and in childhood could be associated with allergies. We conclude that the magnitude and type of health impacts due to climate change will depend on improved understanding of the relationship between climatic variables, multiple allergen factors, and allergic disease. Improved public health strategies such as adequate humidity control, optimum air filtration and ventilation, and improved anticipatory public health messaging will be critical to adaptation.

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Section: Linking Climate Change Aeroallergens and Pediatric Diseasesupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Pediatric Allergic Disease and Aeroallergensmentioning

confidence: 89%

Climate Change, Aeroallergens, and Pediatric Allergic Disease

Sheffield

Weinberger

Kinney

2011

Mount Sinai J Medicine

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“…Additional research from the CHARGE study has shown increased plasma levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G-4 and reduced concentrations of tumor growth factor-β, related to immune response and inflammatory processes, in plasma of children with autism compared with typically developing controls and children with developmental delay (Ashwood et al 2008; Enstrom et al 2009a, 2009b). Other recent work indicates that exposure to air pollution exposure during pregnancy is associated with changes in IgE and in lymphocytes measured from cord blood, supporting the idea that maternal exposure to air pollution is associated with altered immune profiles in the fetus (Herr et al 2010a, 2010b). Moreover, published evidence links maternal antibodies to fetal brain tissue with a subset of autism cases (Braunschweig et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Residential Proximity to Freeways and Autism in the CHARGE Study

Volk

Hertz‐Picciotto

Delwiche

et al. 2011

Environ Health Perspect

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302

264

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BackgroundLittle is known about environmental causes and contributing factors for autism. Basic science and epidemiologic research suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation may play a role in disease development. Traffic-related air pollution, a common exposure with established effects on these pathways, contains substances found to have adverse prenatal effects.ObjectivesWe examined the association between autism and proximity of residence to freeways and major roadways during pregnancy and near the time of delivery, as a surrogate for air pollution exposure.MethodsData were from 304 autism cases and 259 typically developing controls enrolled in the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment (CHARGE) study. The mother’s address recorded on the birth certificate and trimester-specific addresses derived from a residential history obtained by questionnaire were geocoded, and measures of distance to freeways and major roads were calculated using ArcGIS software. Logistic regression models compared residential proximity to freeways and major roads for autism cases and typically developing controls.ResultsAdjusting for sociodemographic factors and maternal smoking, maternal residence at the time of delivery was more likely be near a freeway (≤ 309 m) for cases than for controls [odds ratio (OR) = 1.86; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–3.45]. Autism was also associated with residential proximity to a freeway during the third trimester (OR = 2.22; CI, 1.16–4.42). After adjustment for socioeconomic and sociodemographic characteristics, these associations were unchanged. Living near other major roads at birth was not associated with autism.ConclusionsLiving near a freeway was associated with autism. Examination of associations with measured air pollutants is needed.

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“…In a human cohort, increased exposure to PAHs and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in the second month of gestation was associated with lower cord IgE levels and relative increases in CD3 + and CD4 + lymphocytes. Increased exposure to PAH and PM 2.5 in mid- to late pregnancy was associated with opposite findings (22, 23), suggesting that the timing of exposure during gestation may have a distinct effect on B-cell and T-cell-related outcomes relevant to allergic sensitization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal exposure to allergen, DNA methylation, and allergy in grandoffspring mice

Niedzwiecki

Zhu

Corson

et al. 2012

Allergy

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Background Prenatal allergen exposure has been linked to both induction and protection of allergic sensitization in offspring. We hypothesized that prenatal exposure of mice (F0) to Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) would be associated with decreased immunoglobulin (Ig) E and airway eosinophilia and alterations in CpG methylation of T-helper genes in third-generation mice (F2). Methods Female BALB/c mice were sensitized to A. fumigatus (62.5, 125, 1250 μg, or saline) and re-exposed to the same dose on days 7 and 14 (early) or days 12 and 17 (late) gestation. Grandoffspring were treated with A. fumigatus (62.5 μg) at 9 weeks. IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a levels and cell counts from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined. Lung DNA was pyrosequenced at multiple sites in the interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 promoters. Results Grandoffspring of mothers dosed with 1250 μg early during pregnancy developed increased airway eosinophilia (P < 0.05). Grandoffspring of mothers dosed late in pregnancy developed lower IgE (P < 0.05) and airway eosinophilia (P < 0.05). Grandoffspring of mothers dosed early had lower methylation at IL-4 CpG−408 and CpG−393 compared to late dosed mice (P < 0.005 across all doses). Few correlations were found between methylation levels and airway eosinophilia and IgE. Conclusion Prenatal exposure to A. fumigatus late during pregnancy, but not early, was associated with lower IgE and airway eosinophilia in grandoffspring. Prenatal exposure to A. fumigatus was associated with changes in CpG methylation in the IFN-γ and IL-4 promoters that did not correlate consistently with indicators of allergic sensitization.

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Air pollution exposure during critical time periods in gestation and alterations in cord blood lymphocyte distribution: a cohort of livebirths

Cited by 72 publications

References 44 publications

Climate Change, Aeroallergens, and Pediatric Allergic Disease

Climate Change, Aeroallergens, and Pediatric Allergic Disease

Residential Proximity to Freeways and Autism in the CHARGE Study

Prenatal exposure to allergen, DNA methylation, and allergy in grandoffspring mice

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