Agriculture in land reform farms: Impact on livelihoods of beneficiaries in the Waterberg district, South Africa

Netshipale, A.J.; Oosting, S.J.; Mashiloane, M.L.; Reenen, C.G. van; Boer, I.J.M. de; Raidimi, E.N.

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104710

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In countries like Ethiopia, where agriculture is the economy's dominant sector which provides more than 80% of the population's livelihood, a horizontal urban housing development strategy that changes productive cultivated land to housing construction results in an undeniable decline in the supply of food crops in the surrounding region in particular, and in the nation as a whole [2,78,79].…”

Section: Livelihood Strategies Alterationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impacts of Expropriation and Compensation on Livelihood of Farmers: The Case of Peri-Urban Debre Markos, Ethiopia

Dires

Fentie

Hunie

et al. 2021

Land

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In Ethiopia, expropriation and compensation measures have become a great concern due to horizontal urban expansion and development induced projects. Especially in peri-urban areas, the livelihood of farmers is affected by expropriation without fair and comparable compensation. This paper investigates the impacts of expropriation and compensation activities on livelihood of peri-urban smallholders taking Debre Markos Town as a case study area. Mixed research methods were employed. Quantitative data were gathered using a structured questionnaire and by interviewing about 100 smallholders. Qualitative data were collected in focus group discussions and by analyzing legal documents. The analysis showed a high trend of expropriation without fair and appropriate compensation as result of ignoring legal procedures of expropriation and compensation. Expropriated farmers also complained that they did not get any support from the government to use compensation money properly for further investments. Due to incomparable compensation and lack of advice, peri-urban farmers faced multi-faceted problems, such as food insecurity and social and family disintegration. The government has to enable families of expropriated households to earn suitable livelihood, which could be achieved by fair compensation and appropriate guidance.

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Section: Livelihood Strategies Alterationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impacts of Expropriation and Compensation on Livelihood of Farmers: The Case of Peri-Urban Debre Markos, Ethiopia

Dires

Fentie

Hunie

et al. 2021

Land

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Africa, each country's peculiar condition has directed the approach adopted for land reform (Netshipale et al 2020). On the whole, liberal market-led approaches are used in most land reform programmes in Africa (Netshipale et al 2020). The general trend is the direct linkage between land reform and agriculture; this has enabled land reform policy to support the provisioning of institutional and technological capital to promote agricultural development and intensification grounded in biotechnologies and agricultural infrastructure, such as irrigation schemes, marketing cooperatives, and crop research facilities, among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traversing State, Agribusinesses, and Farmers’ Land Discourse in Kenyan Commercial Intensive Agriculture

Narh

2021

African Land Reform Under Economic Liberalisation

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From a qualitative study of sugarcane production in Chemelil(western Kenya) and insights drawn from the Kenyan land reform enacted in 2012, this study contends that the goal of land reform to provide farmers with certainty of rights to land to invest in and benefit from agriculture is heavily weakened by the farmers’ lack of control over agricultural inputs. Land reform and intensive agriculture, such as sugarcane production, share the same market-based land discourse, where land is considered an environmental asset to be harnessed efficiently for high productivity. Although this discourse supports the application of high inputs for maximum agricultural outputs, it has also eroded farmers’ power and control over their lands. This loss of power and control occurs through the supply of high-cost agricultural inputs from external sources, such as state research agencies and the Chemelil Sugar Company. The control of inputs by sources external to farmers stifles possible farm-based innovations that could reduce farming costs. The chapter, thus, contends that, although land reform aims at farmers’ utmost benefit from land, the farmer’s lack of control over agricultural inputs limits the benefits they derive from land use for intensive agriculture; this is especially true in the case of small-scale farmers.

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“…Low involvement of private organisations could be attributed to lack of incentives for their involvement, given that beneficiaries would likely not be able to pay for their services because of the limited beneficiaries' gains from land reform farms (Valente 2011;Lahiff and Li 2012;Aliber and Cousins 2013;Netshipale et al 2020a (DLA 2006;Nesamvuni et al 2016b). We conclude that the extent of involvement of external stakeholders and the type of support they provided to farmers in land reform farms were guided by their mandates or objectives.…”

Section: Stakeholders Contributions and Inclusion Of The Vulnerablementioning

confidence: 86%

“…Further, access to education for the poor led to young people from poor households who could get formal employment, often in towns and cities, and when employed they migrated from rural to urban areas. Hence, poor households that received land from land reform in the mid-2000s were still poor in 2014 (Netshipale et al 2020a). In rural South Africa, members of poor households are likely to get employment in the informal sector which pay less salaries, which makes opportunity cost of family labour for these households low.…”

Section: Analysis Of Swot Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding land reform and the associated consequences for land use and livelihoods

Netshipale¹

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In a meeting with the head of the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, Northern Cape province, the honorable Mr. Viljone Mothibi, held in 2009, he said 'Netshipale you are perceiving agricultural initiatives by the state wrongly', which meant there were other perspectives to those initiatives. That arose the inquest in me to understand the other perspectives which I could not comprehend at my level of responsibility. The inquest was further instigated by the declaration made by an elderly beneficiary to a state official, that 'the underground is ours and beneficiaries have to relocate to the benefited land so I can be reinstated as their traditional leader'. Beneficiaries in land reform farms have nick named this official 'reduce your livestock herds' for enforcing adherence to carrying capacity. Hence, this PhD work was inspired by the pursuit of the colourful invisible colour of life and brought to fruition by the contributors. Hence, I invite you to travel with me on 'it has been, was and still is Land' so you can find out for yourself 'the journey, with symbols of change and change symbols in a mix'.

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Agriculture in land reform farms: Impact on livelihoods of beneficiaries in the Waterberg district, South Africa

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Assessing the Impacts of Expropriation and Compensation on Livelihood of Farmers: The Case of Peri-Urban Debre Markos, Ethiopia

Assessing the Impacts of Expropriation and Compensation on Livelihood of Farmers: The Case of Peri-Urban Debre Markos, Ethiopia

Traversing State, Agribusinesses, and Farmers’ Land Discourse in Kenyan Commercial Intensive Agriculture

Understanding land reform and the associated consequences for land use and livelihoods

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