Agony to Harmony—What Decides? Calcium Signaling in Beneficial and Pathogenic Plant–Fungus Interactions—What We Can Learn from the<i>Arabidopsis</i>/<i>Piriformospora indica</i>Symbiosis

Johnson, Joy Michal; Oelmüller, Ralf

doi:10.1002/9781118297674.ch79

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 189 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…After recognition of A. thaliana , P. indica releases effectors into the rhizosphere, which induce a response in the host [ 18 ]. Moreover, an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration in the host’s root cells is provoked, which triggers an intracellular signaling cascade (mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways) [ 19 , 20 ], whereupon ethylene signaling components and ethylene-response transcription factors are required [ 21 , 22 ]. Furthermore, cytokinins and auxins play a crucial role in the maintenance of this symbiotic interaction [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piriformospora indica Stimulates Root Metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana

Strehmel

Mönchgesang

Herklotz

et al. 2016

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Piriformospora indica is a root-colonizing fungus, which interacts with a variety of plants including Arabidopsis thaliana. This interaction has been considered as mutualistic leading to growth promotion of the host. So far, only indolic glucosinolates and phytohormones have been identified as key players. In a comprehensive non-targeted metabolite profiling study, we analyzed Arabidopsis thaliana’s roots, root exudates, and leaves of inoculated and non-inoculated plants by ultra performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/(ESI)-QTOFMS) and gas chromatography/electron ionization quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC/EI-QMS), and identified further biomarkers. Among them, the concentration of nucleosides, dipeptides, oligolignols, and glucosinolate degradation products was affected in the exudates. In the root profiles, nearly all metabolite levels increased upon co-cultivation, like carbohydrates, organic acids, amino acids, glucosinolates, oligolignols, and flavonoids. In the leaf profiles, we detected by far less significant changes. We only observed an increased concentration of organic acids, carbohydrates, ascorbate, glucosinolates and hydroxycinnamic acids, and a decreased concentration of nitrogen-rich amino acids in inoculated plants. These findings contribute to the understanding of symbiotic interactions between plant roots and fungi of the order of Sebacinales and are a valid source for follow-up mechanistic studies, because these symbioses are particular and clearly different from interactions of roots with mycorrhizal fungi or dark septate endophytes

show abstract