Aggressive Angiomyxoma, Angiomyofibroblastoma, and Cellular Angiofibroma of the Lower Female Genital Tract: Related Entities With Different Outcomes

Abstract

IntroductionMesenchymal tumors of the lower female genital tract (FGT) are a miscellaneous group of tumors that include aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM), angiomyofibroblastoma (AMFB), cellular angiofibroma (CAF), and related entities. Histologically, these tumors are composed of stromal cells admixed with vessels, with some minor histological differences. An accurate diagnosis of these tumors is important owing to the differences in the outcome. In this study, we determined the clinicopathological characteristics of these tumors in our population and their association with recurrence. MethodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Histopathology, Aga Khan University, from January 2005 to December 2019 over a period of 15 years. A total of 207 cases that were diagnosed as AAM, AMF, and CAF were selected for inclusion in the study. Clinical data, including age and location of the lesion, were obtained from histopathology referral forms. Tissue blocks of all cases were retrieved. Follow-up data were obtained from the patient files, and information regarding disease recurrence was recorded. One histological section from each tissue block was stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain, and histopathological findings were recorded. Additionally, immunohistochemical (IHC) studies, including vimentin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), and desmin were conducted on representative tissue blocks. Final histopathological diagnoses were rendered considering clinical, histopathological, and IHC findings.

Angiomyofibroblastoma as a rare cause of vulvar mass: A case report and literature review

“…However, it might turn into malignancy 7–9 . The most typical mesenchymal tumor of the lower female genital tract is AMF 10 . In 1992, Fletcher et al first documented 10 cases of female vulva AMF 4 .…”

“… 7 , 8 , 9 The most typical mesenchymal tumor of the lower female genital tract is AMF. 10 In 1992, Fletcher et al first documented 10 cases of female vulva AMF. 4 On average, AMF affects women in their third to fifth decades of life.…”

Protuberant, Pink, Irritated Growth on the Buttocks

“…Additionally, unlike superficial angiomyxomas, both aggressive angiomyxomas and angiomyofibroblastomas typically occur in the genital tract of young to middle-aged women. 6 Histopathologic examination is imperative for differentiating between superficial angiomyxoma and more aggressive histologic mimics. Superficial angiomyxomas typically consist of a rich myxoid stroma, thin-walled or arborizing blood vessels, and spindled to stellate fibroblastlike cells (quiz image 2).…”