Age-related susceptibility and resistance to Plasmodium berghei in mice and rats

Pierrot, Christine; Adam, Estelle; Lafitte, Sophia; Godin, C.; Dive, Daniel; Capron, Moníque; Khalife, Jamal

doi:10.1016/s0014-4894(03)00134-6

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Studies using rodent malaria parasites have contributed to man's knowledge of the developmental biology of malaria parasites in general. Although rodent models do not produce exactly the same signs and symptoms observed in the human plasmodial infection, they have been demonstrated to produce disease features similar to those of human plasmodial infection, when infected with P. berghei (Thomas et al 1998;Pierrot et al 2003;Pedroni et al 2006;Basir et al 2012). Antimalarials are categorized, according to the stage of the Plasmodium parasite they affect, into tissue schizontocides (act on the exoerythrocytic hepatic stage) used for casual prophylaxis or to prevent relapse, blood schizontocides (act on erythrocytic forms) used for suppressive and clinical cure, gametocytocides and sporontocides (Tracy & Webster 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landolphia owariensisleaf extracts reduce parasitemia inPlasmodium berghei-infected mice

Ezike

Okonkwo

Akah

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context Landolphia owariensis P. Beauv. (Apocyanaceae) leaf is used in southeast Nigeria to treat malaria. Objective This study evaluated the antiplasmodial activity of L. owariensis leaf extract and fractions, also the phytoconstituents were standardized and analyzed. Methods The effects of daily, oral administrations of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of L. owariensis leaf extract (LOE), its hexane (LOHF), ethyl acetate (LOEF) and methanol (LOMF) fractions on early, established and residual infections in Plasmodium berghei-infected albino mice were evaluated in vivo. The extract and fractions were subjected to phytochemical analysis and HPLC fingerprinting, and the acute toxicity of LOE was evaluated.Results The extract and fractions elicited 29-86, 18-95 and 75-96% significant (p50.001) suppression of parasitemia in early, established and residual infections, respectively. The ED 50 values for suppressive activity of LOE, LOHF, LOEF and LOMF were 266.56, 514.93, 392.95 and 165.70 mg/kg, respectively. The post-day 30-survival index was 16.7-50, 16.7, 16.7-66.7 and 50-83.3% for LOE, LOHF, LOEF, and LOMF, respectively. Extract-treated mice significantly (p50.001) gained weight and had reduced mortality compared with negative control (untreated) mice. An oral LD 50 value 45000 mg/kg in mice was established for LOE. The LOMF showed the greatest antiplasmodial activity in all the models, suggesting that the antimalarial activity of the plant may be attributed to alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins present in the fraction. Conclusion Results demonstrate the antiplasmodial activity of L. owariensis leaf, and provide a pharmacological rationale for its ethnomedicinal use as an antimalarial agent. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landolphia owariensisleaf extracts reduce parasitemia inPlasmodium berghei-infected mice

Ezike

Okonkwo

Akah

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…Preferential reticulocyte-invading character had also been reported for P. berghei, Plasmodium cynomolgi, P. vivax, P. yoelii, and P. yoelii 17X (Ramakrishnan and Satya 1950;Sergent 1958;Galinski et al 1987Galinski et al , 1992Vigario et al 2001;Pattaradilokrat et al 2008). Pierrot et al (2003) noted that inbred Fisher rats are more susceptible by infection to P. berghei than the outbred strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Plasmodium vinckei: infectivity of arteether-sensitive and arteether-resistant parasites in different strains of mice

2011

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Malaria is one of the most lethal parasitic infections in the world. The lethality of the parasite depends on the rate of multiplication of the parasite within host erythrocytes. Different strains of the malaria parasite often respond in a different way to the same strain of mice or vice versa. In the present study, we investigated the course of infection of the arteether-sensitive and arteether-resistant Plasmodium vinckei parasites in Swiss albino AKR (inbred) and AJ (outbred) mice. The higher parasite burden and mortality were observed in the sensitive parasite-infected mice, whereas the infection with the resistant parasite was non-lethal. Resistant parasite-infected mice developed a moderate level of parasitemia that decreased gradually throughout the infection. The microscopic examination suggests that the resistant parasite invades reticulocytes more efficiently than normocytes, regardless of the mouse strain examined. Since the reticulocytes are rare in blood circulation, it limits the increase in parasite proliferations, while arteether-sensitive parasites can invade both mature normocytes and reticulocytes, resulting in the mortality of the mice. However, treatment with phenylhydrazine in Swiss mice results in reticulocytosis, which transforms the non-lethal resistant parasites to produce lethal infections. Our findings demonstrate that the characteristic response during infections with the arteether-resistant strain is dependent on the availability of reticulocytes in peripheral blood circulation. We can use this model for identifying the interaction between host and artemisinin derivative-resistant parasites.

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“…Vesosky and Turner (2005) have shown that old mice display a transient enhanced resistance in response to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is associated with the presence of CD8 + T cells and their ability to produce IFN-+. Pierrot et al (2003) have reported the increased susceptibility of young rats (4 weeks old) to Plasmodium berghei infection compared to adult rats (8 weeks old). Studies by Butcher et al (2002) have revealed that mature female C57BL/6J mice displayed higher levels of resistance to Brachylaima cribbi infection than mature males and adolescent male and female mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-influenced population kinetics and immunological responses of Leishmania donovani in hamsters

et al. 2007

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Susceptibility of animals to infections depends upon various factors including sex and age of the host, which plays a pivotal role. In this communication, we have investigated the "intake" of Leishmania donovani infection in young (3-4 weeks old) and adult (15-16 weeks old) golden hamsters. The splenic parasite load in young hamsters on day 15 post infection (p.i.) was 54 +/- 4 amastigotes/100 macrophage nuclei and increased to 106.3 +/- 3.5 on day 30 p.i. However, adult group showed 2.2-(P < 0.001) and 1.75-fold (P < 0.001) lesser parasite burden on these days, respectively. But as the disease progresses further, differences in parasite burden become less significant, as revealed by comparable levels of parasite loads at 2 months p.i. Spleen weight measurements correspond to the above observations. In the young group, the levels of antileishmanial antibody rise two and 4.5 times on days 15 and 30 p.i., respectively, as compared to only 1.3 and 2.3 times increase in their respective adult counterparts. However, after 2 months of infection both groups recorded analogous (12-fold) rise in antibody levels. Both mitogenic and antigenic responses in adult hamsters were less suppressed compared to young hamsters on days 15 and 30 p.i. However, both groups exhibited highly suppressed cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses after 2 months of infection. These findings implicate that age of the host may influence the susceptibility and resistance to Leishmania infection.

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Age-related susceptibility and resistance to Plasmodium berghei in mice and rats

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Landolphia owariensisleaf extracts reduce parasitemia inPlasmodium berghei-infected mice

Landolphia owariensisleaf extracts reduce parasitemia inPlasmodium berghei-infected mice

Plasmodium vinckei: infectivity of arteether-sensitive and arteether-resistant parasites in different strains of mice

Age-influenced population kinetics and immunological responses of Leishmania donovani in hamsters

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