Age-related bone diseases: Role of inflammaging

Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic, Functional Improvement, and Chondroprotective Effects of Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. Extract in Osteoarthritis: An In Vivo and In Vitro Study

“…Therefore, inhibition of IL-1β-related pathways is expected to be an attractive target for treating the progression of cartilage destruction in OA. It is also noteworthy that IL-6 is the inflammatory cytokine most prominently associated with age-related diseases, including OA and its associated decline in physical function [6,28]. Recent studies have further solidified this link, as IL-6 signaling has been shown to contribute to both pain and cartilage destruction in posttraumatic OA [29].…”

“…As previously mentioned, inflammatory stress contributes significantly to the development and progression of osteoarthritis pathology, including cartilage injury, joint inflammation, and bone remodeling, by disrupting chondrocyte survival, damaging the matrix, and promoting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as various matrix metalloproteinases and interleukins [23]. In this regard, numerous recent studies have demonstrated that the above inflammatory cytokines play a pivotal role in the process of chronic inflammation-induced OA inflammation, making them promising therapeutic targets [6]. Indeed, several clinical studies have shown that increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in older adults are strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality in age-related diseases, including OA [24,25].…”

“…OA is no longer viewed as a degenerative disease caused by prolonged mechanical stimulation. Recent studies have emphasized that OA is a multifaceted pathophysiology with complex factors, the most prominent of which is inflammaging [3,6]. This refers to a state of continuous and progressively increasing inflammation throughout the body as we age.…”