Aeromonas associated diarrhoeal disease in south Brazil: prevalence, virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance

Abstract

Aeromonas were isolated from 27 (6.6%) of 408 patients admitted with acute gastroenteritis in two hospitals at Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Isolates were classified as A. hydrophila (51.8%), A. caviae (40.8%), and A. veronii biotype sobria (7.4%). The highest prevalence of Aeromonas associated infections occurred in lactants and children. Virulence genes (aerA -aerolysin/hemolysin, ahpA -serine-protease, satAglycerophospholipid-cholesterol acyltransferase, lipA -lipase, and ahyB -elastase) and virulence factors (hemolytic, proteolitic, lipolitic activities, and biofilm formation) were identified in most A. hydrophila and A. veronii biotype sobria isolates, with lower frequencies on A. caviae. All Aeromonas isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, cephalotin, and cephazolin, and most of them (>70%) exhibited resistance to imipenem, carbenicillin, amoxillin/sulbactan, and piperacillin. Multiple-resistance, more than four antibiotics, was evidenced in 29.6% of the isolates. The most efficient antibiotics were the quinolones (ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin), and the aminoglycosides (amikacin and netilmicin).

Characterization of pathogenic Aeromonas veronii bv. veronii associated with ulcerative syndrome from Chinese longsnout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris Günther)

“…These bacteria have a broad host range, and often have been implicated in the cause of numerous infections, such as humans with diarrhea and fish with hemorrhagic septicemia (6,20).…”

Plesiomonasshigelloides and Aeromonadaceae family pathogens isolated from marine mammals of Southern and Southeastern Brazilian coast

“…The main Aeromonas species isolated from marine mammals in this study (A. veronii biogroup veronii, A. caviae, A. hydrophila, A. veronii biogroup sobria) represent important pathogens due to the possibility of causing primary or secondary septicemia and wound infections in animals and humans. The same Aeromonas species were isolated from an outbreak of diarrhea in Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil, as well as from patients with acute gastroenteritis in two hospitals at Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil (10,13). A similar study, Right eye Plesiomonas shigelloides (1) developed in three municipal hospitals at Rio de Janeiro city, southeastern Brazil, showed A. caviae and A. media associated to multiresistance antimicrobial profiles as the main pathogens isolated from newborns in the Intensive Care Unit (22).…”

“…However, some of these bacteria are opportunistic and can have the ability to cause disease or death in debilitated or immunosupressed animals. Therefore, these pathogens are important to public health due to the capacity to cause disease in humans and animals, and their monitoring is considered as a relevant tool to prevent diseases (5,7,10,22,23).…”

“…These bacteria are associated to a wide range of skin disorders in fishes, including one of the major diseases in aquaculture (furunculosis). In humans, Aeromonas have been increasingly recognized as a relevant etiological agent in gastrointestinal infections, possibly associated to the ingestion of contaminated water or food products (7,8,10).…”

RESISTANCE PROFILE OF Aeromonas spp. ISOLATED IN DAIRY PRODUCTS INDUSTRY / Perfil de resistência de Aeromonas spp. isolada no fluxograma de produção do queijo minas frescal industrial e artesanal.

“…The concern for public health is cited by other authors; Guerra et al (2007) isolated Aeromonas spp. in 6.6% of patients suffering from acute gastroenteritis in two hospitals of Rio Grande do Sul.…”