Aerodynamic Characteristics of Blom-Singer Low-Pressure Voice Prostheses

Worldwide, multicenter study of peristomal geometry and morphology in laryngectomees and its clinical effects

“…Furthermore, voice and speech restoration by tracheoesophageal speech is achieved at a higher success rate as compared to esophageal speech 8. With the introduction of low‐pressure shunt valves,9–11 additional myotomy of the cricopharyngeal and lower pharyngeal constrictor muscles have improved these results even further 12–14…”

Aerodynamic and Sound Intensity Measurements in Tracheoesophageal Voice

“…Nowadays, all voice prostheses are so-called low-resistance devices. The differences between these devices have been measured in vitro [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . It is more challenging to measure voice prosthesis performance in the patient.…”

Voice restoration after laryngectomy: Experience with the Blom–Singer extended-wear indwelling tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis

“…for a complete chronology of voice-prosthesis evolution). Briefly, the evolution has progressed from a hand-fabricated prosthesis with a slit in its tip forming a one-way ''duckbill'' valve without a retention collar 3 to a commercially available 16-Frdiameter duckbill device first without 2 and then with 6 a circular retention collar, followed by a 16-Fr-diameter prosthesis with a beveled tip incorporating an internal, one-way, hinged flap valve 7,8 and then its 20-Fr-diameter counterpart. 4 All of the above prostheses required teaching the user to safely and periodically, eg, every 3-4 days, change the prosthesis.…”