Aerial Coverage Analysis of Cellular Systems at LTE and mmWave Frequencies Using 3D City Models

Colpaert, Achiel; Vinogradov, Evgenii; Pollin, Sofie

doi:10.3390/s18124311

Cited by 41 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…3 We note that since the channel between the UAV and the ground terminals are LoS dominated [22], [23], [26], the UAVs would fly at the lowest allowable flight altitude to obtain a higher channel gain for maximizing the system energy efficiency. Thus, we consider a fixed UAVs' flight altitude of H = 100 m. 4 Based on field measurements [28], [29], the air-to-ground links between the UAVs and the ground terminals are LoS channels in rural areas when the flight altitude of a UAV is 100 meters and the length of side of the service area is 500 meters. Besides, the adopted LoS model can facilitate the design of resource allocation and trajectory in the sequel.…”

Section: B Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Trajectory and Resource Allocation Design for Energy-Efficient Secure UAV Communication Systems

Cai

Wei

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Commun.

203

125

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In this paper, we study the trajectory and resource allocation design for downlink energy-efficient secure unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication systems, where an information UAV assisted by a multi-antenna jammer UAV serves multiple ground users in the existence of multiple ground eavesdroppers. The resource allocation strategy and the trajectory of the information UAV, and the jamming policy of the jammer UAV are jointly optimized for maximizing the system energy efficiency. The joint design is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem taking into account the quality of service (QoS) requirement, the security constraint, and the imperfect channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdroppers. The formulated problem is generally intractable. As a compromise approach, the problem is divided into two subproblems which facilitates the design of a low-complexity suboptimal algorithm based on alternating optimization approach. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed algorithm converges within a small number of iterations and demonstrate some interesting insights: (1) the introduction of a jammer UAV facilitates a highly flexible trajectory design of the information UAV which is critical to improving the system energy efficiency; (2) by exploiting the spatial degrees of freedom brought by the multi-antenna jammer UAV, our proposed design can focus the artificial noise on eavesdroppers offering a strong security mean to the system.

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Section: B Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Trajectory and Resource Allocation Design for Energy-Efficient Secure UAV Communication Systems

Cai

Wei

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Commun.

203

125

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“…We assume that the wireless channels from a UAV to the ground user/Eve on each subcarrier are LoS-dominated and we adopt the commonly used free-space path loss model 4 as in [6]- 4 We note that field measurements [30] suggest that air-to-ground links are almost guaranteed to be LoS channels in rural areas when a UAV flies with an altitude of 100 meters or above to serve a cell with a radius of 500 meters. Furthermore, the aviation altitude of a UAV can be adjusted according to the type of terrain and the scale of the cells, which can guarantee that the air-to-ground channel LoS probability approaches one [31].…”

Section: Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We note that the solution derived in (30) from other users on subcarrier i in time slot n. According to the KKT conditions [42], the following equality holds at the optimal point of the problem in (21):…”

Section: A Subproblem 1: Communication Resource Allocation Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource Allocation for Secure Multi-UAV Communication Systems With Multi-Eavesdropper

Wei

Yang

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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In this paper, we study the resource allocation and trajectory design for secure unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled communication systems, where multiple multi-purpose UAV base stations are dispatched to provide secure communications to multiple legitimate ground users (GUs) in the existence of multiple eavesdroppers (Eves). Specifically, by leveraging orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), active UAV base stations can communicate to their desired ground users via the assigned subcarriers while idle UAV base stations can serve as jammer simultaneously for communication security provisioning. To achieve fairness in secure communication, we maximize the average minimum secrecy rate per user by jointly optimizing the communication/jamming subcarrier allocation policy and the trajectory of UAVs, while taking into account the constraints on the minimum safety distance among multiple UAVs, the maximum cruising speed, the initial/final locations, and the existence of cylindrical no-fly zones (NFZs). The design is formulated as a mixed integer non-convex optimization problem which is generally intractable. Subsequently, a computationally-efficient iterative algorithm is proposed to obtain a suboptimal solution. Simulation results illustrate that the performance of the proposed iterative algorithm can significantly improve the average minimum secrecy rate compared to various baseline schemes. R. Li and J. An are with the secure UAV communication systems with a single-UAV was studied in [8], [14]-[16] with different system settings. However, due to the stringent requirements on UAV's size, weight, and power (SWAP), the performance achieved by deploying a single-UAV is still limited [6]. To achieve a higher efficiency in secure communications, multi-UAV cooperation was adopted in [17]-[20]. In particular, a jammer UAV can fly close to a potential eavesdropper based on demand by leveraging its mobility and opportunistically transmits artificial noise signal deliberately to combat the eavesdropping channels [17]. To improve the system security performance, [18] and [19] presented a cooperative jamming approach to safeguard the UAV's communication by exploiting artificial jamming transmission from other friend UAVs in the existence of a single-eavesdropper. With the consideration of fairness in two-UAV secure communications, [20] investigated the joint power allocation and trajectory design for the maximization of the minimum secrecy rate per user when one UAV is dispatched to convey confidential messages to a ground user where another cooperative UAV transmits a jamming signal. However, in [17]-[20], the role of the UAV is fixed where a communication/jamming UAV can only provide either communication/jamming signal during the whole time horizon.In contrast, a multi-purpose UAV, which can dynamically serve as a communication UAV or a jamming UAV, provides a high flexibility in trajectory design for secure UAV communications. March 17, 2020 DRAFT 3 For instance, when a communication UAV flies closer to an eave...

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“…In this study, a two-way ground level model is considered with an average LTE BS effective height of

m [ 50 ] and an average NB-IoT elevation level

m for most NB-IoT urban applications scenarios [ 51 ].…”

Section: The Proposed Intelligent Mixed Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Spread Spectrum and Clustering Mixed Approach with Network Coding for Enhanced Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) Scalability

Migabo

Djouani

Kurien

2020

Sensors

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The Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a very promising licensed Internet of things (IoT) technology for accommodating massive device connections in 5G and beyond. To enable network scalability, this study proposes a two-layers novel mixed approach that aims not only to create an efficient spectrum sharing among the many NB-IoT devices but also provides an energy-efficient network. On one layer, the approach uses an Adaptive Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (AFHSS) technique that uses a lightweight and secure pseudo-random sequence to exploit the channel diversity, to mitigate inter-link and cross-technology interference. On the second layer, the approach consists of a clustering and network coding (data aggregation) approach based on an energy-signal strength mixed gradient. The second layer contributes to offload the BS, allows for energy-efficient network scalability, helps balance the energy consumption of the network, and enhances the overall network lifetime. The proposed mixed strategy algorithm is modelled and simulated using the Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) Long Term Evolution (LTE) toolbox. The obtained results reveal that the proposed mixed approach enhances network scalability while improving energy efficiency, transmission reliability, and network lifetime when compared to the existing spread spectrum only, nodes clustering only, and mixed approach with no network coding approaches.

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Aerial Coverage Analysis of Cellular Systems at LTE and mmWave Frequencies Using 3D City Models

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Joint Trajectory and Resource Allocation Design for Energy-Efficient Secure UAV Communication Systems

Joint Trajectory and Resource Allocation Design for Energy-Efficient Secure UAV Communication Systems

Resource Allocation for Secure Multi-UAV Communication Systems With Multi-Eavesdropper

A Novel Spread Spectrum and Clustering Mixed Approach with Network Coding for Enhanced Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) Scalability

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